Read this article in English. ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑎᑐᑦ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕈᒪᔭᕋ.
ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐊᕆᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑲᑎᒪᔨ ᑲᑎᒪᕕᖓᑕ ᐃᓗᐊᓂ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᔪᖃᓕᖅᐳᖅ ᐃᓄᖕᒥᒃ ᐃᓐᓇᑐᖃᒥᒃ ᐃᑭᑦᓯᓂᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᖁᓪᓕᕐᒥᒃ,” ᕉᒥᐅᕆ ᐹᑕᓐ, ᓯᐱᓰᒃᑯᓐᓂ ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᓕᕆᔨᐅᑉ ᐅᖃᖅᑕᖏᑦ ᔪᓚᐃ 26, 2021-ᖑᓚᐅᖅᑐᒥ.
ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᖁᖅᓱᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᖅ ᑕᓚᕕᓴᐅᑉ ᐊᑖᓂ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᔪᖅ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᖅᐳᖅ ᒥᐅᕆ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐸᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᖑᕐᓂᐊᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ. “ᖁᓪᓕᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖃᐅᒪᖁᑎᒋᕙᖓ ᐅᖁᖅᓴᐅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᐃᒡᓗᒧᑦ,” ᐅᖃᓪᓚᒃᐳᖅ ᐴᑕᓐ, ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓇᓱᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᒥᓱᓄᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᓄᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᖏᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᑐᓴᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᒃᓴᐅᖏᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᑕᑯᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖏᑦᑐᒥᒡᓗ. ᑕᓚᕕᓴᒃᑯᑦ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᑎᑕᐅᓕᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᓐᓇᑐᖃᖅ ᓵᓕ ᕕᑉᔅᑐ ᐃᓗᐊᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦᑕ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑏᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᕕᖓᓂ, ᐃᒃᑭᑎᒥᒃ ᐃᑭᑦᓯᔪᖅ ᖁᓪᓕᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᑭᑦᓯᓂᐊᖅᖢᓂ. “ᐆ! ᑕᐃᑲ ᐃᑭᑦᓯᒋᐊᓕᖅᐳᖅ ᖁᓪᓕᕐᒥᒃ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᒃᑎᓪᓗᖓ,” ᐅᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐹᑕᓐ.
ᓵᑉ ᓴᓂᐊᓂ ᑎᑎᖃᓂᒃ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᔪᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᑎᓕᐅᒐᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᓯᑕᒪᓂᒡᓗ ᓴᕕᕋᔭᖕᓂᒃ. ᐊᑐᓂ ᓴᕕᕋᔭᐃᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᒍᑎᒃᓴᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ, ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᒍᑎᒃᓴᐃᑦ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᖑᓂᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ, ᐅᖃᖅᖢᓂ, ᐅᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᒍᑎᒃᓴᐃᑦ ᐅᓇᑕᖅᑐᒃᓴᓄᑦ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᖑᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ—ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᓂᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᒥᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᕆᐊᕐᓂᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᖅᑎᐅᓂᐊᓕᖅᖢᓂ ᑯᐃᓐᒧᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ. ᐃᖅᑲᐃᒍᑎᒋᕙᕋ ᐊᑕᐅ (at.óow-−ᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᔪᒥᒃ), ᐅᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᑕᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᒥᒃ, ᐊᓪᓚᓄᑦ ᑭᓕᒃᑭᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᐸᒃᑕᖓᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᕕᒡᔪᐊᕈᑎᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᑎᑐᑦ ᐅᔭᒥᑐᖃᖏᑦᑎᑐᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᐃᑦ ᐱᕕᒡᔪᐊᕈᑕᐅᕙᖕᓂᖏᑦᑎᑐᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓇᓴᖏᑦᑎᑐᑦ ᐃᓕᔭᐅᕙᖕᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕐᔪᐊᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᖅᑎᖏᑦᑕ ᐊᓪᓚᐃᑦ ᐊᓯᖏᑦᑕᐅᖅ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᕐᓂᐊᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᒪᓕᒐᒃᓴᓂᒃ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᐃᒃᐸᒃᑲᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ, ᑖᓐᓇᑐᐊᖅ ᖁᓪᓕᖅ ᐅᐱᓐᓇᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᓕᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ. ᐊᒻᒪ, ᐹᑕᓐ ᐅᖃᑦᓯᐊᕈᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᑕᒻᒪᖅᑕᐃᓕᓪᓗᓂ. “ᑖᓐᓇ ᖁᓪᓕᖅ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᑕᐃᒍᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᖢᓂ,” ᐅᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ. “ᐃᓱᒪᓪᓗᖓᓗ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᑦᓯᐊᒥ ᖁᓪᓕᖅ ᐃᑭᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᑲᑎᒪᕕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᕕᖓᑕ ᐃᓗᐊᓂᓕ.”
ᐊᖓᔪᖄᑉ ᓴᓂᐊᒍ, ᑲᐃᕙᒃᑐᒃᑯᑦ, ᖁᓛᓂᓗ ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᔨᑦ, ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦᑕ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᑉ ᓴᓂᐊᒍᑦ—ᑕᐃᒪ, ᓴᓂᐊᒍᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕐᔪᐊᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᑐᐊᒐᖏᑦᑕᓗ ᓴᓂᐊᒍᑦ—ᐃᓕᖁᓯᑐᖃᖃᕐᒪᑕ ᑕᐃᒪᖓᓂᑦ. ᑲᓇᑕᒥ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᑎᑐᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᑉ ᐊᑭᐊᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᔪᑎᑐᑦ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓂᑎᑐᒥᐅᑎᑐᑦ, ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᔨᐅᕗᑦ. ᑎᒃᑯᐊᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓐᓄᑦ, ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᒻᒪᕆᐅᑎᑕᐅᕗᖅ ᐅᓇᑕᖅᑐᒃᓴᓄᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦᑕ ᑐᓐᖓᕕᖓᓂᒃ ᒪᓕᒐᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᖑᓪᓗᓂ. ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕐᔪᐊᖑᖃᑕᐅᖏᒃᑲᓗᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔪᐃᔪᓐᓇᖅᐳᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦᑕ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᖓᓐᓂᒃ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᑎᑎᕙᒃᖢᓂ ᓲᕐᓗ ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᒍᑎᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓄᖓ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᒋᐊᖃᖅᑐᓄᑦ. ᐊᒻᒪ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦᑕ ᑲᑎᒪᒋᐊᖅᑎᑎᕙᒃᖢᓂ ᑎᓕᓯᒍᑎᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓂᓗ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᑲᑎᒪᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᖃᑎᒌᒡᓗᑎᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕐᓂᐊᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓕᖁᓯᑎᒍᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᔭᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦᑎᒍᓪᓗ ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᓂᒃᑯᑦ.
ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈ ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪᓂᑐᖃᓂᑦ ᐱᑐᖃᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᕗᖅ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᓐᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᑕᐃᑉᓱᒪᓂᑐᖃᓂᑦ 1700-ᓂᑦ ᐱᓐᖑᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᓂᖓᓄᑦ, ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐸᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᕗᕌᓐᓯᒥᐅᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓂ ᒐᕙᓄᖃᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓂᑦ. ᐅᓇᑕᕐᔪᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂᒥᐅᑦ ᓵᓚᒃᓴᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑕ ᕗᕌᓐᓯᒥᐅᓂᒃ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓂ 7-ᓂ ᐅᓇᑕᕐᔪᐊᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᒐᕙᓄᖃᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓂ. ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑕᖅ, ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑎᒃᑯᐊᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖏᑉᐳᖅ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᑦ 300 ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᓂᒍᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, 1952-ᖑᓕᕐᒪᑦ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ, ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓂᒥᐅᑦ ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᑎᖏᑦ. ᐊᕐᕌᒍᑦ 7 ᐊᓂᒍᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥ ᐅᐃᕖᖅ ᐊᖏᖅᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᖑᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ.
ᑕᐃᒪᖓᓂᑦ, ᐊᑐᐊᔭᒐᖃᓕᓚᐅᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓇᓪᓕᑭᑖᕆᐊᖃᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐅᐃᕖᖑᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᐅᐃᕖᓪᓗ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᑖᕆᔭᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᑕᐅᕙᒃᖢᑎᒃ. ᐃᓱᒪᖃᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑕ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑕ—ᐅᐃᕖᓪᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑕᐃᓪᓗᒪ ᓂᐳᓗᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑲᓐᓲᕕᑎᒃᑯᑦ, ᓄᓇᑖᖅᓯᒪᑎᑕᐅᔪᓪᓗ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ—ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᖃᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ, ᒐᕙᒪᐃᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᓗ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᑐᐊᒐᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᒧᓪᓗ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᑕᐃᓕᒪᖁᓪᓗᒍ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᖅᑎᑎᑕᐃᓕᒪᓗᓂ. ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐃᓕᖁᓯᑐᖃᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᖅᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᑭᕋᖅᑐᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᖕᒥᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᓇᑕᐅᑎᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᑦ ᐊᑐᖁᔨᓯᒪᖕᒪᑕ “ᓴᐃᒪᓂᕐᒥᒃ, ᒐᕙᒪᖃᑦᓯᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥᒡᓗ”, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᓚᖓᒍᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᖅᑎᖃᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᒥᒃ, ᐊᐃᕙᐅᑎᑦᑕᐃᓕᒪᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑕᒪᕐᒥᒃ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐃᓕᖁᓯᖃᖅᐳᑦ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᖏᑉᐳᑦ.
ᒪᐃ 2021-ᒥ ᓄᓇᒃᑯᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕈᑦ ᓱᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᕐᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖃᖅᑐᓂᒃ 200 ᐅᖓᑖᓄᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᖃᖏᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᓄᑕᖃᓂᒃ ᑐᖁᖓᔪᓂᒃ ᐋᐳᓄᑦ ᐱᕈᖅᑐᖃᕐᕕᖕᒥ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᕐᕕᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᑐᒥ Kamloops Indian Residential School−ᒥ, ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᑲᐃᐋᒐ (kya-ah ᐊᓈᓇᑦᓯᐊᕋ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᒥ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᐱᐊᓂᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑕᒥᓂᒃ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓂᖓ ᐃᓗᕕᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᒐᓱᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᓇᓂᓯᓂᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᒍᑕᐅᕗᖅ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᐊᖅᓵᖅᓯᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᕋᔭᒃᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᕈᓐᓃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ—ᑕᐃᒪᖓᓂᑦ ᐱᑦᓯᐊᖃᑦᑕᖏᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᓂᕐᓗᒃᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓖᔭᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ, ᐋᓐᓂᖅᑎᕆᓪᓗᑎᒃ, ᖁᓄᔪᕐᓂᐊᖅᖢᑎᒃ, ᑐᖁᕋᐃᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ—ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓵᑕᐅᒋᐊᖃᓕᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᑦᓯᐊᖃᑦᑕᖏᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᒍᑎᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᐱᑕᖃᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᖃᑦᑕᓕᖅᖢᓂ ᐱᓂᕐᓗᒃᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᓇᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ. ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᑭᒃᑯᑐᐃᓐᓇᐃᑦ ᐊᑐᕆᐊᓄᑦ ᓇᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᓴᖅᑭᔮᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᓂᒡᓗ ᓴᖅᑭᔮᖅᑎᑎᖃᑦᑕᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ. ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᑎᒥᐅᔪᑦ ᑭᓇᐅᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᕆᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᓕᖁᓯᑐᖃᓂᒃ ᓱᕋᐃᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᖑᑎᖅᑎᑦᓯᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᑎᖏᑦ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᑕᐅᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ. ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑭᓇᑐᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᖑᐊᑦ ᐅᕐᕈᔭᖅᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ. ᑐᒃᓯᐊᕐᕕᓪᓗ ᐱᕋᔭᒃᑕᐅᕙᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ. ᐃᓚᖏᓐᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐃᑯᐊᓪᓚᒃᑎᑕᐅᕙᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ. ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᒥᓱᖑᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᓪᓚᐃᑦ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕆᐊᕈᒪᔪᑦ, ᓄᑕᖃᓂᒃ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᖃᑕᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐃᓗᕕᕐᓂᒃ ᕿᓂᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᒥᓱᖑᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᓕᕐᒪᑕ ᑐᖁᖓᔪᑦ ᐃᓗᕕᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᒫᓂᕈᓗᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ.
ᑕᖅᑭᒃ ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᐊᓂᒍᓚᐅᖏᑎᓪᓗᒋᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑕᒫᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐃᓗᕕᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᓇᓂᓯᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑕᐅᓇ Kamploops−ᒥ, ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᖅ ᔭᔅᑎᓐ ᑐᕈᑐ ᐊᐱᕆᓕᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᓄᖕᒥᒃ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᒥᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᓗ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᖅᑎᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᑕᕆᐅᑉ ᐊᑭᐊᓂᒥᐅᓄᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᒥᐅᕆ ᔩᓂ ᒪᐃ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᖑᖁᓪᓗᓂᐅᒃ. ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓯᑕᒪᓂᒃ ᐊᕐᓇᓂᒃ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᖃᖅᓯᓕᖅᐳᑦ (ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᕿᒫᓂᑯᒃ ᓄᓇᑐᖃᕆᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔭᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒧᑦ), ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᒥᓱᑦ ᐊᖑᑎᑦ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᓄᑦ ᑕᓪᓕᒪᓄᑦ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᖑᓯᒪᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᖃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖏᑦᖢᑎᒃ ᑎᒃᑯᐊᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᒥᒃ. (ᓂᐅᔩᓚᓐᒥ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑕᐅᖕᒥᔪᖅ ᓄᓇ, ᐱᖓᓱᓂᒃ Māori ᒪᐅᕆᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᖃᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ.)
ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᐅᖏᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᖑᓚᐅᖏᓐᓂᕐᒥᓂ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᓄᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᑎᑐᑦ ᐃᓅᓂᑯᓂᒃ 1941 ᐊᒻᒪ 1978 ᐊᑯᓐᓂᖓᓂ, ᑐᓂᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᒥᒃ ᐊᐅᐸᔮᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐃᓅᓂᖓᓄ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᒥᒃ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᖃᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᓄᑕᕋᐅᓪᓗᓂ. ᐊᖓᔪᖄᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᓇᓴᖑᐊᖓᓂᒃ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᒡᓗᐊᒍᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᒡᓗᐊᒍᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᖃᖅᖢᓂ. ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᖏᑦ—ᐊᑖᑕᖓ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᖅ ᓂᐅᕕᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᔨᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᓈᓇᖓ ᐃᓅᓪᓗᓂ—ᑲᑎᑎᑕᐅᒋᐊᖃᓚᐅᖏᑦᖢᑎᒃ ᑕᐃᑉᓱᒪᓂ ᐊᑐᐊᒐᐃᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᖢᒋᑦ, ᕼᐊᑦᓴᓐ ᐸᐃ ᑲᑉᐸᓂᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᑐᐊᒐᖏᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᖢᒋᑦ. ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᐊᒥᓱᓂᒃ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂᒥᐅᖃᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᕿᒪᐃᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᖅᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᕿᒪᐃᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᐅᓇᑕᕐᔪᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑐᖏᓕᐊᓂ, ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᑎᒍᓯᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐅᓇᑕᖅᑐᒃᓴᖃᕐᕕᐅᓕᖅᑎᑎᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᒥᐅᑕᓂᒃ ᐲᔭᐃᕕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕈᑎᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖏᓐᓂᑦ. 1950 ᐊᒻᒪ 1960-ᓂᓗ, ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᕆᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᖏᓐᓂᒡᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᐱᖃᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐅᖓᓯᒃᑐᒥ ᓄᓇᒥᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥ ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᑎᓄᑦ ᓴᓐᖏᔪᑦ ᐱᔭᐅᖁᖏᑦᖢᒍ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖅ ᓄᓇ. ᑖᒃᑯᐊᑦᓴᐃᓐᓇᐃᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥ ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᑎᑦ ᓴᓐᖏᔪᑦ ᑲᑎᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᕐᓂᐊᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐃᒃᐱᒋᔭᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓄᑦ, ᐃᒪᖓᓄᑦ, ᐃᓅᓯᖏᓐᓄᓪᓗ 1980-ᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ 1990-ᓂᓗ, ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ ᐃᒃᓯᕙᐅᑕᖃᖅᑎᑦᓯᓇᑎᒃ ᑲᑎᒪᒍᑎᒋᔭᒥᓂᒃ. ᐅᓪᓗᒥ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᑐᖃᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓱᓕ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥᐅᑦ ᓴᓂᐊᒍᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᖅᑎᑕᐅᖏᑉᐳᑦ ᐃᓄᓕᕆᒍᑎᑖᖅᑎᑕᐅᓂᐊᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒥᑎᒍᑦ, ᐃᓄᒃᑐᑦ. ᑲᓇᑕ ᒐᕙᒪᖏᓪᓗ ᐱᑦᓯᐊᖏᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐊᒥᓱᐃᖅᑕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ.
ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐃᓅᓯᖃᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᒋᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒐᓱᐊᖅᖢᒋᑦ. “ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᐃᓇᓱᐊᖅᓯᒪᕗᖓ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓄᑦ 47-ᓄᑦ,” ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐅᖃᐅᑎᓚᐅᖅᐹᖓ. ᓯᕗᓪᓕᕐᒥ ᐃᓄᓪᓚᕆᐅᕗᖓ.” ᓵᓚᒃᓴᐃᓐᓇᑲᓴᒃᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᒍᔾᔨᓇᓱᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ. ᐊᔾᔨᒋᔭᐅᓇᓱ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖁᑎᓕᒫᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᐱᓯᒪᑦᓯᓯᒪᕗᑦ, ᐅᖃᐅᓯᑐᖃᒥᖕᓂᒡᓗ ᐃᓕᖁᓯᑐᖃᒥᖕᓂᒡᓗ. ᐊᒻᒪ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᑎᒍᓯᓇᓱᐊᓕᕌᖓᑕ ᓄᓇᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᖅᑐᐃᕕᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᖅᑐᐃᕕᒃᑰᖅᑎᑎᓕᖅᐸᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᓂᒃ, ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᐊᐃᕙᖃᑎᖃᕐᕕᖏᓐᓄᑦ, ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᕐᔪᐊᕐᕕᖏᓐᓄᓪᓗ. 1970-ᑎᓂ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᐃᓪᓗ ᑯᕇᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᖃᓂᒋᔭᒥᐅᑕᖏᑦ ᓄᓇᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑯᐸᒃᒥᐅᓂᒃ ᐊᐃᕙᖃᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐅᖃᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ ᑯᐸᒃᒥᐅᑦ ᓴᓇᒍᓐᓇᖏᓐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᖏᔪᐊᓗᖕᒥᒃ ᐃᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᖃᐅᒻᒪᖁᑎᓕᐅᕈᑎᒃᓴᒥᒃ ᐅᒃᑳᓕᐅᕈᑎᒃᓴᒥᒃ ᓯᒥᒃᓯᓗᑎᒃ ᑰᖕᓂᒃ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐅᓕᕐᔪᐊᖅᑎᑕᐅᒐᔭᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᑐᖃᖏᑦ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᑰᖓ James Bay, ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥᓗ ᐋᔩᖃᑎᖃᕆᐊᖃᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ ᐊᓪᓚᓂᒡᓗ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᕐᒥ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐅᑎᔭᐅᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᐃᕙᖃᑎᒋᔭᐅᓗᑎᒃ. ᑲᑐᔾᔨᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐋᔩᖃᑎᖃᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂ ᒐᕙᒪᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑯᐸᐅᑉ ᓴᓇᔪᓂᒃ ᓄᖅᑲᖓᑎᑎᓚᐅᐱᓪᓚᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᑯᐸᒃᒥᐅᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓐᓂᒡᓗ ᐊᔭᐅᖅᓯᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᑦᓯᐊᒥ “ᓄᑖᒥᒃ ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᒍᑎᓕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ,” 1975-ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ. ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᒍᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᐅᓕᓚᐅᖅᖢᓂ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑕᐃᒫᕈᓗᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᓴᓇᕕᖃᕆᐊᖃᖏᓐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᖏᓐᓂ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᖏᖅᓯᒪᒃᐸᑕ ᐱᖁᔨᓯᒪᒃᐸᑕ. ᓴᐃᒪ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐋᔩᖃᑎᒌᖃᑕᐅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓂᖓ. ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪᓂᑐᖃᖅ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅᑕᖃᖏᑉᐳᖅ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᑎᒍᑦ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᖏᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᐃᓕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑐᑐᐃᓐᓇᐃᑦ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᒋᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᕚᓪᓕᕈᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᓪᓗ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓗᐊᖏᑉᐳᑦ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑕᑯᒋᐊᕐᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᕈᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᑯᑎᑎᓂᐊᖅᐳᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᖅᓯᒪᓂᐊᖅᐳᑦ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᑲᓴᒃ, ᒥᐅᕆ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐃᓚᐅᓯᒪᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓄᖓ.
ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᖑᖅᑎᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐱᕕᒡᔪᐊᕈᑎᒃᑯᑦ ᑕᒡᕙᓂᑦᓴᐃᓐᓇ ᐃᒡᓗᕐᔪᐊᒥ, ᐅᑭᐅᑦ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᑦ 40-ᖑᓯᒪᓕᖅᐳᑦ ᓯᕗᓂᐊᓂ, ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᓂ ᐋᔩᖃᑎᒌᒍᑎᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐅᑎᖅᑎᑕᐅᖁᓪᓗᒍ ᑐᓐᖓᕕᖓ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂᑦ. ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᓂᒃ, ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐋᖅᑭᓱᐃᖃᑕᐅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓕᒫᓪᓗ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑐᓐᖓᕕᕐᔪᐊᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᔪᐊᖏᑦᑎᒍᑦ. (ᐅᓪᓗᒥᐅᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᓐᓄᕌᖅᑕᖃᓕᖅᐳᖅ, ᐃᓚᖓᓂ ᓴᒃᓴᓐ 35, ᐊᓯᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᑕᒡᕙᓂ ᐊᕐᓇᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖃᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ.) ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᑎᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᕆᐅ ᑐᕈᑐ, ᒫᑦᓯ 1984-ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᓴᐃᒪ ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᕐᓇᖏᑦ ᐊᕐᓇᐅᓂᖏᓪᓗ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᐅᒋᐊᖃᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓴᐳᒻᒥᔭᐅᓗᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᑐᓐᖓᕕᖓᓂ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᔪᐊᖓᓂ. ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᕐᓇᐃᑦ — ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐊᓈᓇᖓᓗ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ — ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔫᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᒍᑎᒥᓂᒃ ᐊᖅᓵᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑦ ᑕᒡᕙᓂ ᐃᖅᑭᓕᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᐃᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᔪᐊᖓᓂ ᐅᖃᖅᓯᒪᔪᖃᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᖑᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᐊᕐᓇᐃᑦ ᑲᑎᑎᑕᐅᒃᐸᑕ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᓂᒃ ᐅᐃᑖᖅᐸᑕ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᖑᖏᑦᑑᓕᖅᑎᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᕐᒪᑕ ᒪᓕᒐᑎᒍᑦ. ᑐᕈᑐ ᐊᖏᓚᐅᖏᓚᖅ ᑕᒪᑐᒥᖓ, ᐊᐃᕙᒍᑎᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᑐᓐᖓᕕᕐᔪᐊᒃᑯᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᔪᐊᒃᑯᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑕᐅᓯᒪᓕᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᓯᐅᔨᓂᐊᖏᑦᖢᑎᒃ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᖑᖏᑦᑑᓕᖅᑎᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᐃᓐᓂᖓ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᕗᖅ, ᕿᒥᕐᕈᔭᐅᑦᓯᐊᖏᑉᐸᑦ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᖏᑉᐸᓪᓗ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐊᕐᓇᐃᑦ ᓱᕐᕋᒃᑎᑕᐅᒐᔭᖏᒻᒪᑕ.
“ᑕᐃᒪᑐᖅ ᐃᒡᕕᓪᓗ ᐊᕐᓇᐅᖃᑎᑎᓪᓗ ᐃᓱᒪᑦᓯᐊᓚᐅᕆᑦᓯ ᐱᔮᕆᓪᓗᑕ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑎᑦᓯᓇᓱᐊᖏᓐᓇᑦᑕ ᐊᕐᓇᓂᒃ. ᑕᐃᒪ, ᒪᓕᒐᑎᒍᑦ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓄᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᒐᕕᑦ ᐅᕙᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᐃᒐᓱᐊᖏᓐᓇᑦᑕ,” ᑐᕈᑐ ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ, ᐅᒃᐱᕐᓇᖏᑦᖢᓂᓗ ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᓴᕋᓱᐊᖅᖢᓂᓗ. ᐅᖃᓪᓚᒃᖢᓂ ᓄᖅᑲᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᐃᒡᒐᖏᒃ ᐃᓕᖏᓐᓃᖏᑦᖢᑎᒃ ᐃᓕᓯᒪᒐᓗᐊᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᕿᖓᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᐃᕙᐅᑎᒥᓂᒃ ᑐᑭᓯᑎᑎᓇᓱᐊᖅᖢᓂ. “ᐊᔾᔨᒋᒃᑎᑕᐅᕗᑎᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᒍᕕᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᐅᒋᐊᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ. ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᐅᖏᓐᓇᓱᒋᒍᕕᑦ, ᒪᓕᒐᑦ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᓗᐊᕐᓂᐊᖏᑉᐳᑦ.”
“ᒥᔅᑕ ᐳᕋᐃᒻᒥᓂᔅᑖ, ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᐅᓇᓱᒋᕗᖓ,” ᑭᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᓯᖑᖏᓚᐅᖐᓐᓇᖅᖢᓂ ᑭᐅᑲᐅᑎᒋᓪᓗᓂ. “ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᖅᑎᐅᕗᖓ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᓪᓗᖓ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᖑᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᕐᓇᓂᒡᓗ ᑯᐸᐅᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᐅᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑎᓇᓱᐊᖏᓐᓇᖃᑦᑕᖅᐳᖓ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᒃ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᖅᑕᓐᓂᒃ. ᐃᓱᒪᕗᖓ ᑕᐃᒪ, ᑭᒃᑯᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᓪᓗᑕ, ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᐱᒍᒪᔭᖃᕋᑦᑕ, ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓂᖓ ᑕᒪᑦᑕ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᐅᓪᓗᑕᓗ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ. ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᒪᐃᓕᐅᕋᓱᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᐳᖓ, ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᓪᓗᖓ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᒃ, ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑕᐅᑦᓯᐊᖁᕙᕋ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᓇᓱᐊᒃᑲᓐᓂᕐᓂᐊᖏᒻᒪᑦ.” ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᓵᓚᒃᓴᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ. 1985-ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᐃᖅᑭᓖᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᐃᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᔪᐊᖓᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒋᐊᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᕐᓇᐃᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖃᐃᓐᓇᕈᓐᓇᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐅᐃᑖᕋᓗᐊᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᓂᒃ. ᐊᒻᒪᓗᒃᑲᓐᓂᖅ, ᐊᕐᓇᐃᑦ ᑲᑎᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᐋᖅᑭᒋᐊᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᖏᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᓱᓕ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐅᑎᕐᕕᐅᓂᐊᖅᐳᑦ ᓴᑐᐃᓗᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᖅᓵᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ.
ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᖓ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓄᖅᑲᓚᐅᖏᑉᐳᖅ. 1990-ᖑᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᓯᓚᐃᕆᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕙᖏᑦ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒥᐅᑦ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᖅᑎᖏᑦ ᓵᓚᒃᓴᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᓯᖏᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖑᖃᑕᐅᑎᑦᖢᓂᒋᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᓐᓄᑦ, ᓇᑭᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᑦ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒥᐅᓂᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᕐᔪᐊᓂᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖏᓐᓂᓪᓗ ᐃᒃᓯᕙᐅᑕᖅᑖᖅᑎᑦᖢᓂᒋᑦ. ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᑦ ᐅᓪᓗᒥᐅᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᓇᑭᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥᐅᓂᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖃᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᒃᓯᕚᖃᑕᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᕐᔪᐊᒥᖔᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᓇᓪᓕᑭᑖᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᓪᓗᖃᑦᑕᐅᔭᖅᖢᓂ, ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐊᓯᖏᓪᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᐊᑐᐊᖑᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᖏᓛᒥᒃ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓕᖅᐳᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᔨᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᐃᑦ ᐊᓯᖏᑦᑕ ᓴᓂᐊᒍᑦ ᐊᒥᓲᖏᓐᓂᖅᓴᐅᖃᑕᐅᒐᓗᐊᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥᐅᑦ ᓴᓂᐊᒍᑦ. “ᒥᐅᕆ ᓴᐃᒪᓐᒥᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓕᓚᖅᓯᒪᕗᖓ ᑲᑎᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖏᑦᓗᒍᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓱᓕ,” ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᓇᑖᓐ ᐅᐱᑦ, ᐊᖓᔪᖄᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐱᕇᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᔪᑦ 65,000−ᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ ᓇᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂ—ᐃᓄᓕᒫᑦ ᓄᓇᖏᓐᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ. ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᓴᐃᒪᓐᒥᒃ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ “ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑐᒥᑭᐊᖅ ᓴᓐᖏᓂᖃᖅᖢᓂ” ᐱᑦᓯᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᒃ, ᑐᑭᓯᐅᒪᑦᓯᐊᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᐃᒃᐱᒍᓱᑦᓯᐊᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒥᓂᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᑦᓯᐊᖅᖢᓂ. “ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐅᐃᒪᔮᕐᓇᓂ ᑲᔪᓯᑦᓯᐊᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᐊᑭᕋᖅᑐᖅᓯᒪᒐᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᓴᖅᓯᒪᒐᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᓪᓗ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᐅᔪᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᐅᔪᑦ, ᐃᓚᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᖏᑕ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᖓᑦ ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪᓂ, ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᑭᕋᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐱᓗᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᕐᓇᖏᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ,” ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐅᐱᑦ.
ᑕᐃᒪ ᔭᔅᑕᓐ ᑐᕈᑐ ᐅᖄᓚᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐃᑲᔪᖁᓪᓗᓂᐅᒃ—ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᔨᐅᖁᓪᓗᒍ—ᐱᐅᖏᑦᑐᓕᒍᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐊᑭᓖᒍᒪᓪᓗᓂ. ᑕᒡᕙᓂ ᓂᑯᕕᖓᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᐃᕙᒍᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕕᖕᒥᓂ ᐋᔩᖃᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕕᖕᒥᓂᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦᑕ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᓄᑖᖅ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈ ᐊᑎᕐᒥᓂᒃ ᐅᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ, ᑐᓴᕐᓂᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅᑕᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ. “ᐃᓅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᖓ ᒥᐅᕆ ᔩᓂ ᒪᐃ ᑯᐸᐅᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂ, ᓄᓇᕕᖑᓕᖅᑐᒥ, ᐃᓄᒃᑐᑦ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᖢᖓ ᓂᖏᐅᑯᓗᖕᒥᒃ,” ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᕐᔪᐊᖑᓕᖅᑐᖅ, ᐊᑕᔪᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑕᒥᒃ ᓴᐸᖓᖃᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐃᓄᖕᒧᑦ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᒥᒃ ᔪᓕ ᑯᕆᓂᐅᒧᑦ. ᐊᑕᔪᖓ ᐱᕈᖅᓯᐊᖑᐊᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᓴᐸᖓᖃᖅᓗᓂᓗ ᐱᔭᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐅᐃᕖᓂᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᕿᕕᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᑐᕈᑐᒧᑦ. “ᐊᒻᒪ, ᐳᕋᐃᒥᓂᔅᑕ, ᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᑐᑭᖃᖅᐳᖅ ᐊᑎᕋ ‘ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᓴᖅᑐᖅ ᓂᖏᐅᑯᓗᒃ ᐊᕐᓇᖅ.””
ᕇᑐᕼᐊᓪ, ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᖓ ᐃᒡᓗᖓ ᐊᑐᕚᒥ, ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂᒥᐅᑎᑐᑦ ᓴᓇᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᖅ ᐃᒡᓗ. ᓄᓇᖓ ᐃᒡᓘᑉ ᐊᖏᓂᖃᖅᖢᓂ 80 ᐄᑯᓂᒃ ᑕᒡᕙᓂ ᐊᒃᖣᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᖁᑎᖓᓐᓂ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑎᑐᑦ New Edinburgh−ᒥᐅᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ, ᐊᖏᓂᖅᓴᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᐊᓪᓚᐃᑦ ᐃᓚᒪ ᓄᓇᒋᔭᖓᓂᑦ, ᑕᒪᓐᓇ Canim Lake Band−ᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᔪᖅ, ᐃᒡᓗᑕᖃᓗᐊᖏᑦᖢᓂ ᐱᐅᖏᓐᓂᖅᓴᐅᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ ᐃᒡᓗᖏᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᐃᑦ ᐃᓚᒪ. ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᐃᒡᓗᖓᑕ ᓯᓚᑖᓂ ᕆᑐ ᕼᐊᓪᒥ ᐱᕈᖅᑐᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐱᐅᔪᒻᒪᕆᐅᔪᓂᒃ, ᐱᓐᖑᐊᕐᕕᖃᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂᒥᐅᓄᑦ ᐱᖑᐊᕈᑎᓂᒃ ᓯᓚᒥ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ, ᓲᖃᐃᒻᒪ ᕼᐋᑭᕐᕕᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᒥᒃ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᓴᐳᒻᒥᒍᑎᒃᓴᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᒃ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᐃᑦ ᐃᓯᖅᑕᐃᓕᖁᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐅᓇᑕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪᓂ 1812-ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ. ᐱᓱᒡᕕᖓ ᑯᐃᓐ ᐃᓯᕐᕕᖓ ᐱᖓᓐᓇᖔᖓᓂ ᓇᐹᖅᑐᖃᖅᐳᖅ ᓴᓇᖑᐊᒐᓂᒡᓗ ᓯᓚᒥᐅᑕᓂᒃ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᓴᓇᖑᐊᒐᐅᖃᑕᐅJ, ᐅᔾᔨᕆᓗᐊᓚᐅᖅᐸᕋ—ᓇᐹᖅᑐᒥᑦ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᖑᑎᖑᐊᖅ ᐃᖃᓗᖕᒥᒃ ᑎᒍᒥᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᖁᓛᓂ ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓂᒃ ᓂᐊᖁᖃᖅᑑᖅ ᓂᒥᕆᐊᖑᐊᖅ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᓯᓯᐅᓪ (sisiutl) ᖁᓛᓂ ᑎᖕᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᖑᐊᒥᒃ, ᖃᓪᓕᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᒋᑦᓯᓲᖑᐊᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᔨᒥᒍᑦ, ᖃᓪᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᐃᓴᕈᖏᑦᑎᒍᑦ, ᐊᕐᕕᐅᔭᕐᓂᒃ ᐱᑕᖅᐸᒃᖢᓂᓗ ᑕᕆᐅᒥᑦ. ᓴᓇᖑᐊᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᒪᓐᖑ ᒫᑎᓐᒧᑦ, ᐊᓪᓚ ᑭᕙᑲ’ᕙᒥᒃ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᒪᐃᑯ ᐋᓐᔨᓗ (Kwakwaka’wakw) Michelangel−ᑎᑐᑦ ᓴᓇᔨ ᐳᕆᑎᔅᑲᓚᑉᐱᐊᒥᐅᑕᖅ ᐊᓪᓚ ᓴᓇᖑᐊᖅᑎ. ᐅᓂᒃᑳᕈᑎᖃᖅᓱᓂ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᖁᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᑭᑐᔪᓂᒃ, ᕆᑐ ᕼᐊᓪ ᓲᕐᓗ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᑕᒫᓃᑦᑕᐃᓕᒪᖁᔨᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᐃᑦ ᑲᑉᐱᐊᓵᖑᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓲᕐᓗ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᐅᑦ. ᑲᑉᐱᐊᓵᕈᑕᐅᔮᖅᖢᓂ.
ᑯᐃᓐ ᐃᓕᓴᐱ 11 ᑐᖁᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕈᓯᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᒥ ᑕᐃᑯᖓᓚᐅᖏᓐᓂᕋᓂ. ᑎᒥᖓ ᐃᓗᕕᖓᓂ ᐃᓕᔭᐅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᒥ ᐅᖓᓯᒃᑐᒥ ᓄᓇᖓᓂ, ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᓚᓐᑕᓐᒥ, London’s Westminster Hall.−ᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᔪᒥ. ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᖓᓂ ᕆᑐ ᕼᐊᒥ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑦ ᑲᔪᖏᖅᓴᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐅᐱᒋᔭᖃᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑐᖁᓚᐅᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᒥᓲᓗᐊᓚᐅᖏᑉᐳᑦ ᐅᐱᒋᐊᖅᑐᖅᑐᑦ. ᓯᕗᓂᐊᓂ ᕆᑐ ᕼᐋᑉ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᖓᑕ, ᐱᕈᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐃᓕᓯᕕᒃᓴᖅᑕᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑎᑎᕋᕐᕕᒃᓴᖅᑕᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᑐᖁᓚᐅᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᑯᐃᓐ ᐃᓕᓴᐱ ᐅᖓᓯᒃᑐᒥᐅᑕᐅᒐᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐅᖓᓯᖕᓂᖃᖅᑐᒥ 5,000 ᑭᓛᒥᑕᓂᒃ. ᐃᓄᖁᑎᒃᑲ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᖅᐸᒃᐳᑦ ᐅᖓᓯᒃᑐᒧᑦ ᐃᓗᕕᖅᑕᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᑕᑯᔭᖅᑐᖅᖢᑎᒃ. ᑐᖁᔪᖃᖅᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᓄᖅᑲᖓᕙᒃᐳᒍᑦ ᐃᒃᓯᕚᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᖢᑕ ᐅᐱᒋᔭᖃᖅᖢᑕ ᑐᖁᓚᐅᖅᑐᑉ ᓴᓂᐊᓂ ᐅᓪᓗᓄᑦ ᓯᑕᒪᓄᑦ. ᑐᖁᔪᖃᓵᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐅᐱᒋᔭᖅᑐᖅᐸᒃᐸᕗᑦ ᐃᓕᑕᖅᓯᒍᒪᓪᓗᑕ ᐅᐱᒋᒍᒪᓪᓗᒍᓗ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑯᐃᓐ ᐃᓯᕐᕕᖓᓄᑦ ᐃᓯᕆᐊᖅᖢᖓ, ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦᑕ ᐃᓂᖓ ᐊᑐᕚᒥ ᐊᖏᔪᒻᒪᕆᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐃᓄᖃᖏᑦᓯᐊᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᐅᕙᖓᑐᐊᖑᔫᔮᖅᖢᖓ. Ipsos ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕈᑎᖏᓐᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑐᖃᓕᕐᒪᑦ ᑯᐃᓐ ᑐᖁᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᖃᓄᖅ ᐃᓱᒪᖕᒪᖔᑕ ᖃᐅᔨᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ 54 ᐳᓴᓐᑎ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑕᐃᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᕐᔪᐊᖃᕈᒪᔪᓐᓃᖅᖢᑎᒃ. ᒐᕙᒪᖃᕐᓂᖅ ᑯᐃᓐᑯᓐᓂᒃ 10−ᐳᓴᓐ ᐱᒍᒪᔭᐅᖏᓐᓂᖃᓕᖅᖢᓂ ᑕᐃᒪᖓᓂᑦ 2011-ᖑᓚᐅᖅᑐᒥᑦᒪ ᖃᐅᓴᕈᑎᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᖢᒋᑦ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᓗ ᐃᓱᒪᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᖓ, ᐊᑎᓕᐅᖃᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᖓ ᑯᐃᓐᖃᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᕐᔪᐊᖃᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐱᒍᒪᖃᑕᐅᖏᒃᑲᓗᐊᖅᖢᖓ. ᑎᑎᕋᓚᐅᖅᐳᖓᓗ ᐃᒪᓐᓇ “Me7 yecwmenstsut-k Kukpi7 Elizabeth,” ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᕋ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔭᐅᔪᓐᓃᕋᓗᐊᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᒐᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᑎᕐᔪᐊᓄᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᐃᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖏᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᖢᒋᑦ. ᑐᑭᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᒪᓐᓇ: “ᑲᔪᑦᓯᐊᕐᓂᐊᖅᐳᑎᑦ ᑯᐃᓐ (ᐊᖓᔪᖄᕐᔪᐊᖅ) ᐃᓕᓴᐱ.”
ᕿᒪᒃᓯᓕᖅᖢᖓ ᑕᒡᕙᖓᑦ, ᑕᑯᓪᓗᖓᓗ ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓂᒃ ᐊᖑᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᓪᓚᐊᔪᐃᑦ ᕿᓗᐊᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᖅᑐᑦ ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑕᓂᒃ ᐊᐃᑭᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓴᐸᖓᓕᖅᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᐱᕈᖅᓯᐊᖑᐊᓂᒃ. ᐃᓐᓇᑐᖃᖅ ᐊᑎᓕᒃ Clément Chartier−ᒥᒃ, ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᖅᑎᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᒫᓂᑑᐸᒥ ᐊᓪᓚᖓᔪᐃᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᒃᑯᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᖃᑎᖓ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᒥᐅᕆ ᓴᐃᒪᓐᒥᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦᑕ ᑐᓐᖓᕕᕐᔪᐊᖓᑎᒍᑦ ᓴᐳᒻᒥᔭᐅᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖏᑦ. Chartier ᐱᖃᑎᖃᒃᑲᓐᓂᖅᖢᓂ Will Goodon−ᒥᒃ, ᒥᓂᔅᑕ ᒫᓂᑑᐸᒥ ᐊᓪᓚᖓᔪᓄᑦ. ᐊᐱᕆᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᕿᒃᓵᖃᑕᐅᔭᖅᑐᕐᒪᖔᑕ ᑯᐃᓐᒥᒃ. “ᐅᕙᒎᑦ?” Chartier ᑭᐅᓪᓗᓂᖓ. “ᑎᒡᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᓄᓇᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᖁᑎᑐᖃᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ!”
ᐃᓚᖓᒍᑦ ᒥᑖᑐᐃᓐᓇᕋᓗᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᓚᖓᒍ ᓱᓕᓐᓗᓂ. ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪᓂ 1870-ᒥ ᒫᓂᑑᐸᒥ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᐅᖃᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᐊᓪᓚᖓᔪᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖁᑎᖏᑦ ᑰᖓᓂ ᑕᒫᓂ Red River−ᒦᑦᑐᑐᖃᐅᖕᒪᑕ. ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᖏᑦ ᐱᓂᐊᕐᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᒥᒃ ᐊᑐᓚᐅᖏᑦᖢᑎᒃ. 1873 ᐊᒻᒪ 1874−ᒧᑦ, ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕐᔪᐊᖏᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᒫᓂᑑᐸ ᑐᓐᖓᕕᕐᔪᐊᖓᓐᓂᒃ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᔪᐊᒥᒃ 11−ᖏᖅᑕᖅᖢᑎᒃ, ᐊᔪᓕᖅᑎᑕᐅᒃᑲᓐᓂᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᐊᓪᓚᖓᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᒥᒃ ᒪᓕᒐᑎᒍᑦ ᓄᓇᓂᒃ ᐱᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᑦᑕᐃᓕᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᐊᓪᓚᖓᔪᓪᓗ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᕈᓐᓇᓚᐅᖏᑦᖢᑎᒃ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᖅᓴᕋᐃᓐᓇᓱᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪᓂ 19 ᕼᐊᑦᑕᓚᖏᓐᓂ ᒐᕙᒪᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐱᕋᔭᒃᑕᐅᓴᕋᐃᓐᓇᓱᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ. ᑕᐃᒪ ᓄᓇᖃᕈᓐᓇᖏᑦᑎᑕᐅᒐᒥᒃ ᐊᓪᓚᖓᔪᑦ ᐊᑭᒋᐊᓕᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᖢᓂ North-West Resistance−ᒥᒃ, ᑕᐃᓐᓇ ᓗᐃ ᕆᐃᐊ, ᐊᓪᓚᖓᔪᑦ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᖓᑦ ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪᓂ, ᒫᓂᑑᐸᒥᐅᓂᒃ ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑎᑎᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᐃᔨᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᐃᒃᓯᕋᕐᔪᐊᓕᕆᓂᐅᑉ, ᐅᓇᑕᕆᐊᖅᑎᑎᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᖓᔫᖃᑎᒥᓄᑦ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᐅᑎᖅᑎᑦᓯᓇᓱᐊᖅᖢᑎᒃ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐅᕙᑦᓯᐊᕈᖑᖅᓯᒪᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᒫᓂᑑᐸᒥ ᐊᓪᓚᖓᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᐅᑎᖅᑎᑦᓯᒍᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᔭᐅᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐱᒋᐊᕈᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᒃᑰᖏᑦᖢᑎᒃ. 2013-ᒥ, ᐃᖅᑲᖅᑐᐃᕕᒡᔪᐊᒃᑯᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᐱᑦᓯᐊᖏᑦᑐᕕᓂᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᕆᒋᐊᖃᖅᑕᒥᖕᓂᒃ. ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒃᑲᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᒫᓂᑑᐸᒥ ᐊᓪᓚᖓᔪᑦ ᓱᓕ ᓄᓇᖁᑎᖃᖏᓚᑦ.
ᐊᕐᕌᒍᒐᓴᖕᓂ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᕆᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᓪᓚᐊᔪᓄᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ−ᓴᔅᑳᑦᓱᕙᓐᒥ, Chartier ᕿᐱᓗᒃᐸᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᖃᐃᖁᔭᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᕐᓂᐊᓕᕌᖓᑦ. ᒪᒃᑯᒃᖢᓂ ᓱᓕ, ᐱᑦᓯᐊᖏᒍᑎᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᐃᓐᓇᖅᐸᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ. ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓚᐅᖅᖢᓂᓗ Secwépemc−ᒥᐅᓂ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᕆᔭᐅᔪᒥᒃ Chief George Manuel−ᒥᒃ, ᑐᖏᓕᐊᓂ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐃᖅᑭᓖᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᓐᓄᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᖃᓂᒌᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᔪᐊᔾᔨᐅᑉ ᐃᕐᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᖅᑕᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ, ᑕᐱᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᕐᓂᖓᓂᒃ, Art−ᒥᒃ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᖁᕕᐊᒋᔭᖃᖅᐸᓚᐅᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᖅᐸᓚᐅᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ Red Power−ᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᑎᖏᑦ. 1973-ᒥ, ᒪᒃᑯᒃᖢᓂ Chartier ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᖃᓐᓇᖓ Art Manuel ᐃᓄᓕᕆᔨᑐᖃᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᒡᓗᐊᕐᔪᐊᖁᑎᖓᐊᓃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐊᑐᕚᓂ ᐃᑲᕋᓄᑦ 24-ᓄᑦ ᐱᔮᖅᑯᑎᒃᑯᑦ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᑖᓐᓇᑎᑐᑦ George Manuel−ᑎᑐᑦ, ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᒍᑎᑖᓚᐅᖅᑐᑎᑐᑦ ᐅᔭᒥᖕᒥᒃ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᖑᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᒥᑦ ᑐᖁᓚᐅᕋᒥ ᓱᓂ, Chartier ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᖃᕈᓐᓇᓯᓕᑕᐃᓐᓇᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᑕᐃᒪ 2000-ᖏᓐᓂ, ᑲᑎᒪᖃᑎᖃᓕᓚᐅᖅᖢᓂ ᒥᑭᐊ ᔮᓐᒥᒃ Michaëlle Jean, ᕼᐃᑎᒥᖔᕐᓂᑯ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᖑᖅᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ. ᐊᒻᒪ, 2009-ᒥ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖅᑎᑎᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᕆᑐ ᕼᐊᓪᒥ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᒥᓂ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᕆᓂᐊᖅᑕᖏᑦ ᓱᓕᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔪᓐᓇᐃᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᓂᒃᑯᓪᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᕐᔪᐊᕆᓂᐊᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑎᑕᐅᓂᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ. ᐊᕐᕌᒍᒐᓴᐃᑦ ᐊᓂᒍᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, Chartier ᑲᑎᖃᑎᖃᓕᖅᖢᓂ ᑯᐃᓐᒥᒃ. “ᐃᓚᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᒐᒪ, ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᔪᔮᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᖓ ᑲᓇᑕᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐅᔾᔨᕈᓱᒃᐸᓪᓕᐊᓕᖅᖢᖓ, ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᓂᐊᕈᑦᑕ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᒐᕙᒪᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᒋᐊᖃᓕᕐᓂᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ,” −Chartier ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ. “ᒐᕙᓄᑦ ᔭᓄᕈ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᒐᕙᒪᓄᑦ.”
ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᑦᓯᐊᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖏᒃᑲᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᕕᑦᓯᔪᕕᓂᐅᓐᓂᕈᑦᑕ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᕗᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᑎᒍᑦ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᐃᓐᓇᓕᕋᔭᖅᐳᑦ.
Goodon, ᓄᓇᖃᕐᓂᑰᓪᓗᓂ Turtle Mountains ᒫᓂᑑᐸᒥ, ᐅᐱᒋᔭᖃᖅᖢᓂᓗ Chartier−ᑎᑉ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑎᒋᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓂᑦ ᑯᐃᓐᖃᕆᐊᒃᓴᖅ ᐅᒃᐱᕈᓱᖏᑦᖢᓂ. ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᓪᓗᓂᐅᒃ ᖃᓄᖅ ᐊᑖᑕᖓ, ᒥᑭᒋᐊᕐᓂᐊᖅᑎᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓄᓇᒥ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᖃᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᒥᑭᒋᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ, ᓱᖕᒪᑦ ᑯᐃᓐᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᑭᓕᖅᑐᐃᒋᐊᖃᕐᒪᖔᕐᒥ ᑐᑭᖃᖏᑎᑎᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ ᐊᒥᕐᓂᒃ ᓂᐅᕕᐊᒃᓴᖃᓕᕌᖓᒥ. ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᓄᓇᖓᑕ ᑭᒡᓕᖏᑦ ᐋᔩᖃᑎᒌᒍᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐅᖓᓯᒃᑐᒥᐅᓄᑦ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᖃᑦᑕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᖓᔪᑦ ᐃᓅᓯ ᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᒋᓇᓱᒋᔭᖏᓐᓂ. “ᖃᓄᖅ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᕐᒪᑕ?” ᐊᐱᕆᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ, ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑦᑑᒋᐊᖃᖏᓐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᑐᓴᖅᑕᐅᒍᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᔭᐅᒍᒪᓪᓗᓂ, ᐅᖃᐅᑎᓪᓗᓂᒋᑦ ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᑎᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓂ. “ᖃᓄᖅ ᑐᑭᖃᑦᓯᐊᕐᒪᖔᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᕐᒪᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᖅᓱᕐᓇᖅᑐᒥᐅᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᑕ.”
ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᕗᑦ ᓱᑲᖓᒍᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᒌᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᖑᖏᑦᑐᑦ-ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓪᓗ. ᐱᖃᑖᒍᑦ, ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᒪᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᑐᑦ Royal Proclamation of 1763 ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑕᐅᒍᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᐃᑉᓱᒪᓂᑐᖃᖅ ᐊᖏᕈᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᖄᕈᑎᓄᑦ ᐋᔩᖃᑎᒌᒍᑎᓪᓗ ᐱᖃᑎᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂᒥᐅᑦ ᐱᖃᑎᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ (ᐃᓚᐅᑎᑕᐅᓇᑎᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᒐᕙᒪᐅᓕᖅᑐᑦ ᐅᓪᓗᒥ) ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᕗᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑕᐃᒎᓯᖏᓪᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᒪᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᖢᒋᑦ. ᑕᐃᒪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑖᓐᓇ ᑎᓕᓯᒍᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ Royal Proclamation ᐱᖃᑎᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᖑᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ King George III ᑕᐃᒍᖅᑕᐅᕙᒃᖢᓂ ᐃᒪᓐᓇ Indian Magna Carta−ᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂᑦᑕᐅᖅ ᑎᒍᓯᕙᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᒥ, ᓄᑕᖃᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓄᐊᖅᓯᕙᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᒐᕙᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ. ᐋᖅᑭᒍᑕᐅᔪᒃᓴᖅ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᑕᒻᒪᐅᑕᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ, ᐊᑯᓂ ᐊᕐᕌᒎᒐᓴᖕᓂ ᓄᓇᓂᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑕᐅᖏᑦᑐᓄᑦ, ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓄᖓ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔪᓐᓃᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑕ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ “ᐃᓕᖁᓯᑐᕆᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᓄᖑᑎᕈᑕᐅᓯᒪᓂᖓᓄᑦ,” ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ. ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔪᑦ ᑐᑭᖃᑦᓯᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᑭᒃᑯᑐᐃᓐᓇᐃᑦ ᐊᐱᕆᒐᔭᕐᒪᑕ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᐅᐱᓐᓇᖅᓯᒪᒐᓗᐊᕐᒪᖔᑕ ᑎᒥᐅᔪᕐᓗ ᐃᓱᒪᖅᓱᖅᑎᑎᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᓴᖅᑐᑦ ᑲᑎᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᕕᒃᑎᑎᔪᓐᓇᕋᓗᐊᕐᒪᖔᑕ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ.
ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᑭᐅᔭᒃᓴᐅᖏᓚᑦ. ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᕋᔭᖅᖢᓂᓗ, ᐊᔪᕐᓇᕋᔭᖅᑐᒃᓴᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ, ᑲᓇᑕ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂᒥᐅᓄᑦ ᐊᑕᖏᓕᖅᐸᑕ. ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᖅᑎᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕐᔪᐊᖏᑦ, ᒪᓕᒐᕐᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᓪᓗ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ, ᑕᒪᕐᒥᒡᓗ ᖁᓕᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᖏᑦ, , ᐊᒥᓱᓪᓗ 100-ᖏᑦᑕ ᐅᖓᑖᓂ ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖏᑦ ᐊᑐᓂ ᐊᖏᕆᐊᖃᕋᔭᕐᒪᑕ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᖃᕐᓂᕗᑦ. ᐊᒻᒪ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓇᖓᑦ, ᐊᓪᓚᐃᑦ ᐊᖏᖅᑎᑕᐅᓇᓱᐊᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᓛᖑᓇᔭᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᖏᕈᒪᒐᔭᖏᒻᒪᑕ ᐊᕕᑦᓯᓂᕐᒧᑦ. ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᑦᓯᐊᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᖏᒻᒪᑕ ᑯᐃᓐᑯᓐᓄᑦ, ᐊᕕᑦᓯᒃᐸᑕ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᕗᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓃᕋᔭᖅᐳᑦ ᑯᐃᓐᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᑕᒫᓂᕿᑐᐃᓐᓇᓕᕐᓗᑕ. ᑯᐃᓐ ᑐᖁᖓᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᐊᓪᓚᐃᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᔪᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂᒥᐅᓂᒃ ᐅᕙᖓᑎᑐᑦ, ᕿᒃᓵᖃᑕᐅᓂᕋᐅᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᑯᐃᓐ ᑐᖁᖕᒪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᒃᑲᓐᓂᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᒍᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᒥᒃ “ᐊᔾᔨᐅᖏᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᒍᒻᒥᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᒌᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑯᐃᓐ” ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂᒥᐅᑕᐃᓪᓗ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑯᐃᓐᒥᒃ ᐃᓚᖏᓐᓂᒡᓗ ᐊᖏᖃᑎᖃᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᔪᓐᓃᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᑕᖏᓕᕐᓂᖅ ᑐᑭᖃᕐᒪᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᑲᑎᑦᓯᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ ᓴᒃᑯᑦᓯᒋᐊᖃᕋᔭᕐᒪᑕ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᓂᕐᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᑎᖏᓪᓗ ᐱᓕᕆᕕᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᖏᓕᕐᓗᑎᒃ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ, ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓪᓗ ᐱᑕᖃᐃᓐᓇᕐᓂᐊᖅᐳᑦ.
ᑎᒃᑯᐊᖅᓯᓂᖅ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᒥᒃ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᖃᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᒐᕙᒪᓄᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑕᐅᓂᖅ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᖏᓐᓇᕆᐊᖃᓕᖅᐳᖅ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᕋᓗᐊᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᒐᕙᒪᓂᒃ. “ᐱᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᐅᐃᒪᓇᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᓇᓗᓇᖅᖢᓂ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᒃ,” ᐅᐱᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᑎᓚᐅᖅᐹᖓ ᑎᑎᕋᕐᕕᖓᓂ ᑲᑎᖃᑎᒋᓚᐅᕋᒃᑯ ᐊᑐᕚᒥ. “ᓯᕗᓂᒃᓴᖃᑦᓯᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᓂᕆᐅᖕᓂᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᓪᓗ, ᐱᓗᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᖅᑎᑎᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᐅᕙᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓗ, ᐊᑕᐅᑦᓯᒃᑯᑦ, ᐱᖃᑖᒍᑦ ᓲᖃᐃᒻᒪ ᓂᖓᐅᒪᒐᓗᐊᖅᐳᒍᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᖅᑎᑎᓯᒪᖕᒪᑕ ᐅᕙᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ.”
ᓲᕐᓗ ᒥᑭᒋᐊᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᒍᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᔾᔭᒍᓐᓇᖏᑦᖢᑕ. ᐱᖃᑖᒍᑦ, ᓱᕋᒃᓯᒪᔪᒧᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᐳᒍᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᖅᑎᕆᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᖁᑎᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᐋᖅᑭᒋᐊᕈᓐᓇᕈᑦᑎᒍ. ᐱᖃᑖᒍᓪᓗ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᓱᓕ ᐃᓄᖁᑎᕗᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᖅᑕᐅᑐᐃᓐᓇᖑᓱᒃᐳᑦ.
ᐅᖓᓯᒃᑐᒦᖔᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᑐᓴᖅᓴᐅᒍᑎᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᓈᓚᐅᑎᑦ ᐱᕐᕙᓛᖅᐸᓗᒃᐳᑦ ᔩᓂ ᐊᓇᑐᒃ ᕿᓂᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑐᓴᖅᓴᐅᑦᓯᐊᖅᑐᒃᓴᒥᒃ. ᑕᐃᒪ ᖃᐅᔨᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᒐᑦᑕ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕆᓯᒪᔭᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᖏᓐᓂᑦ, Inuit: One Future—One Arctic, ᔩᓂ ᓴᐃᒪ ᐊᓈᓇᑦᓯᐊᖓ. ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐊᑦᓯᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᒪᐅᒥᓂᒃ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐸᐅᒐᓗᐊᖅᓱᒍ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᕿᑎᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᖓᓂ ᑎᑎᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ. ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᓈᓚᐅᑎᑦ ᐱᒋᓪᓗᓂᒋᑦ ᐹᑉ ᒪᐃ, ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐊᑖᑕᖓ, ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᔨ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᕆᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᕼᐊᑦᓴᐲᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂ. ᑐᐱᕐᒥᐅᑕᐅᒐᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑰᑦᓱᐊ ᑰᖓᑕ ᓴᓂᐊᓂ, ᐅᖓᕙᒧᑦ ᑰᒃ ᓯᑐᓪᓗᓂ ᑯᐸᒃᒥᑦ ᐅᐊᖕᓇᐅᑉ ᓯᒡᔭᖓᓂ, ᐊᓇᑐᒃ ᐃᓛᓐᓂᒃᑯᑦ BBC-ᑯᓐᓂᒃ ᑐᓵᕙᒃᐳᖅ ᓈᓚᐅᑎᒃᑯᑦ. ᐱᕐᕙᓪᓛᖏᓕᕐᒪᑕ ᓈᓚᐅᑎᑦ ᑐᓴᖅᓴᐅᑦᓯᐊᓕᖅᐳᑦ. ᑕᐃᒪ ᐊᓇᑐᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓚᐅᖅᑐᒃᓴᐅᕗᖅ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ ᐃᓐᖏᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᑐᓴᖅᓴᐅᔪᓂᒃ, ᑐᓴᖅᓴᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᑎᒃᑎᒃᐸᓗᒃᑐᖅ ᕿᔪᖕᒧᑦ ᑐᑦᑕᖅᐸᓗᒃᑐᖅ ᕿᓚᐅᔾᔭᖅᑐᖅ. ᐃᒻᒪᖄ ᐃᓐᖏᖅᑐᑦ ᐱᓯᕐᓂᒃ ᓕᕐᓕᖅᓯᐅᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐃᓐᖏᐅᓯᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑐᒃᑐᓚᐅᕐᓂᕐᒧᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐃᓐᖏᐅᓯᖃᖅᑐᑦ, ᐅᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐃᒻᒪᖄ ᐃᓐᖏᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᓱᓇᐅᒐᓗᐊᖅᐸᑦ, ᑐᓴᕐᓂᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ.
ᐊᓇᑐᒃ ᖃᐃᖁᔨᕗᖅ ᐃᓐᖑᑕᒥᓂᒃ, ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᐹᑉ ᒪᐃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓈᓐᓯ ᐊᓇᑐᒃ−ᐋᔅᑯ. ᓴᐃᒪ ᐊᖓᔪᒃᓯᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓯᑕᒪᓂᒃ ᓄᑲᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑐᖏᓕᕆᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᖓᔪᒃᖠᖅ 8−ᓂᑦ ᕿᑐᖓᓂᑦ. ᐊᓈᓇᑦᓯᐊᖓ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᑎᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᖅᑯᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖏᓐᓂᒡᓗ. ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᓈᓚᑦᓯᐊᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᓈᓇᑦᓯᐊᒥᓂᒃ. “ᐅᑯᐊ ᓈᓚᒃᑭᑦ,” ᐊᓇᑐᒃ ᐅᖃᖅᐳᖅ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ ᓈᓚᐅᑎᓂᒃ ᑐᓵᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ. “ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᐃᓚᕗᑦ ᖃᑕᖑᑎᕗᑦ ᐅᖓᓯᒃᑐᒥᐅᑕᐃᑦ.” ᐃᓐᖏᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᑯᑭᑦᑐᒥᐅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ, ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ ᐊᑎᖓ ᑲᖥᓰᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂᒥᐅᑦ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ, ᐅᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᓇᑐᒃ, ᖃᖓᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᒥ ᑲᑎᓛᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᒪᕐᒥᒃ.
ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪᓂᑐᖃᖅ ᐃᒻᒪᖄ 1,000 ᐊᕐᕌᒎᓯᒪᓕᖅᑐᓂ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓚᖏᑦ ᓇᒧᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᓄᒃᑎᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒧᑦ. ᐅᓪᓗᕆᐊᓂᒃ ᑕᒻᒪᕇᒃᑯᑎᖃᖅᐸᒃᖢᑎᒃ, ᐃᖃᓗᒃᐸᖕᓂᒃ ᓂᕿᖃᖅᐸᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᑲᑭᕙᖕᒥᖕᓄᑦ ᐱᑕᖅᐸᒃᖢᓂᒋᑦ, ᐊᖑᓇᓱᐊᖅᐸᒃᖢᑎᒡᓗ ᐊᐃᕕᕐᓂᒃ, ᓇᑦᓯᕐᓂᒃ, ᓇᓄᕐᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᕐᕕᒃᓯᐅᖅᐸᒃᖢᑎᒡᓗ, ᐅᖁᒪᐃᓐᓂᖃᕈᓐᓇᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᕐᕕᑦ 54.4 ᑕᓐᔅᓂᒃ, ᐱᑎᑦᓯᓂᒃ, ᐅᓈᓂᒃ, ᓇᐅᒃᑭᐊᕈᑎᓂᒡᓗ ᐊᑐᖅᐸᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᐊᖅᐸᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ. ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥᐅᑕᓕᒫᓂᑦ ᓴᓂᐊᒍᑦ ᐅᖁᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᓐᓄᕌᓕᐅᖅᐸᒃᐳᑦ ᖃᔭᓕᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ ᐱᐅᔪᒻᒪᕆᐅᔪᓂᒃ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ, ᑎᑭᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᑯᑭᑦᑐᒧᑦ, ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᑖᒃᑯᓂᖓ ᑲᑎᑦᓯᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᕙᐃᑭᓐᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ (Vikings). ᑖᒃᑯᐊ >ᐃᑭᒻᑯᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ “skraeling,”−ᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐅᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐸᕕᓇᖅᑑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ “wretched,”, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᑎᑐᑦ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᖑᖏᑦᑐᑎᑐᑦ −ᑲᑎᑦᓯᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ Norse-ᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᓪᓗ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᑯᓂ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓂ, ᐃᒻᒪᖄ ᓯᓚ ᐅᖅᑰᓯᕙᓪᓕᐊᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᓄᓇᖃᑎᒌᒍᓐᓃᓚᐅᖅᑐᒃᓴᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᒃᑮᕐᓇᖅᑐᒥᐅᑕᐅᓚᖏᒻᒪᑕ ᐃᓄᐃᓪᓕ ᐃᒃᑮᕐᓇᖅᑐᒥᐅᑕᐅᓂᖅᓴᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᐊᒥᓱᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓄᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᕆᐊᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᑲᑎᖓᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑕᐃᑉᓱᒪᓂ ᑲᓚᒻᐱᔅᖑᓂᐸᖅᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᑎᑭᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐃᒻᒪᖄ 1492-ᒥ, ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐸᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑎᑭᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓪᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ, ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᒫᓂᒥᐅᑕᐅᖏᓐᓇᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑕᕆᐅᑉ ᐊᑭᐊᓂᒥᐅᑦ ᐱᑕᖃᖏᓕᕋᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓇᒧᒃᑭᐊᖅ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑐᕕᓂᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ, 1450-ᖑᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ. ᐊᕐᕌᒍᒐᓴᐃᑦ ᐊᓂᒍᕐᒪᑕ, ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐊᓈᓇᑦᓯᐊᖓ ᓯᓐᓇᖅᑑᒪᖃᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ ᐱᒍᒪᓂᖃᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ, ᐊᑯᑭᑦᑐᒥᐅᓂᒃ ᑐᓵᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᓂ ᓈᓚᐅᑎᒃᑯᑦ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᓯᒪᓕᖅᐳᖅ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ ᐃᑲᔪᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ.
ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐃᓅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ 1947-ᒥ ᑲᖏᖅᓱᐊᓗᒡᔪᐊᒥ, ᑯᐸᒃ. ᐹᑉ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓈᓐᓯ ᐱᕈᖅᓴᐃᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᕿᑐᖓᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᔩᓂᓗ ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪᓂ ᓄᓇᒥ ᐊᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᒥᒃ ᕗᐊᑦ ᓴᐃᒧ ᐊᑎᖃᓕᖅᖢᓂ ᑰᒡᔪᐊᖅ, ᑯᐸᒃ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᓱᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐊᒃᓱᒻᒪᕆᒃ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᓂᒃ ᑲᑎᑦᓯᓯᒪᒐᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪᓂᑐᖃᖅ, ᐊᐅᓚᑕᐅᓚᐅᖏᑉᐳᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓱᓕ ᑲᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖏᑉᐳᑦ. “ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᑎᑭᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊᓕᓚᐅᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓱᒃᑲᐃᑦᑐᒥ ᐃᓚᖏᓐᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ, ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓂᓗ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᓱᑲᑦᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᑎᑭᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊᓚᐅᖅᖢᑎᒃ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ, ᐊᑕᐅᑦᓯᒃᑯᐊᓗᒃ ᐱᒋᐊᓪᓚᓚᐅᖅᖢᑎᒃ,” ᑎᑎᕋᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᓰᓚ ᕚᑦ−ᑯᓗᑏ, ᐃᓄᒃ ᐃᑲᔪᕋᓱᐊᖅᑎ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ ᑎᑎᕋᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᕐᓂᒃ ᑰᒡᔪᐊᒥᐅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ, ᑕᐃᒍᖅᖢᒋᑦ The Right to Be Cold. “ᑕᐃᒪ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖃᑎᒃᑲ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒃᑲ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪᓂᑐᖃᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᓂᕐᓂᖃᕐᓇᖏᑦᑐᒧᐊᖃᑦᑕᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ.” ᓱᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᐃᑦ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ.”
ᐊᕐᕌᒍᒥ 1939-ᖑᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᐃᖅᑲᖅᑐᐃᕕᒡᔪᐊᒃᑯᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐃᒍᖅᑕᐅᒍᑎᖃᕆᐊᖃᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ “ᐊᓪᓚᐃᑦ Indians” ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᑐᓐᖓᕕᕐᔪᐊᖓᑎᒍᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᔪᐊᖓᑎᒍᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑕᐅᓕᕐᓗᑎᒡᓗ ᐃᓄᖁᑎᒋᔭᐅᓕᕐᓗᑎᒃ. ᐅᓇᑕᕐᔪᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑐᖏᓕᐊᓂ, ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᐃᑦ ᐅᓇᑕᖅᑐᒃᓴᖏᑦ ᑎᖕᒥᓲᖅᑎᖏᑦ ᐃᒡᓗᕐᔪᐊᓕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂ ᑰᒡᔪᐊᒥ (Fort-Chimo), ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓂ (Frobisher Bay), ᐊᒻᒪ ᐹᓪᓚᕝᕕᖕᒥ (Padloping Island). ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᓴᓇᕕᒋᔭᖏᑦ ᓄᖅᑲᖅᑕᕐᕕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑕᕆᐅᑉ ᐊᑭᐊᓄᖓᐅᓕᕌᖓᑕ. ᑕᐃᒪ ᐅᓇᑕᕐᔪᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑐᖏᓕᐊᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓕᖅᑐᐃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ. ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᑖᖅᖢᓂ E9-761: “E” ᑐᑭᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᒥᐅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐅᖅᓱᖅᑑᑉ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖓᓂᑦ, “9” ᑐᑭᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᑯᐸᐅᑉ ᑕᕐᕋᖓᓂᒥᐅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪ “761” ᓈᓴᐅᑎᒋᓪᓗᓂᐅᒃ ᐃᓅᑉ. ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ 1970-ᓂ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᑎᕈᓯᖅᑖᖅᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᑐᖁᔭᖏᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᖢᒋᑦ ᐊᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᖢᓂ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐊᑎᕈᓯᖅᑐᐃᓂᕐᒥᒃ.
ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓪᓗ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒧᐊᖅᖢᑎᒃ. ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᕗᑦ ᐊᓈᓇᑦᓯᐊᖓ ᑯᐃᓐᒥᒃ ᐊᔾᔨᖁᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑦ ᐱᖃᓐᓇᕆᔭᒥᓄᓪᓗ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᕈᑎᒋᕙᒃᖢᓂᐅᒃ. “ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᕗᖓ ᐅᐱᒋᔭᖃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑕ ᑯᐃᓐᒥᒃ ᐃᓚᖏᓐᓂᒡᓗ,” ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈ. ᑯᐃᓐᒥᒃ ᐱᐅᒃᓴᕋᓗᐊᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐅᐱᒋᔭᖃᕋᓗᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᓈᓇᑦᓯᐊᖓ, ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑕᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ. “ᑎᑭᓐᓇᓱᐊᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ 1960-ᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ 1970-ᓄᑦ, ᑕᕆᐅᑉ ᐊᑭᐊᓂᒥᐅᓪᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᓪᓗ ᐊᑲ ᐅᖏᓕᕈᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᓴᓗᐊᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ,” ᑎᑎᕋᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᑖᒃᑯᓄᖓ International Journalᑯᑦ, “ᐃᓅᓪᓗᑕ ᓇᖕ ᒥᓂᖅ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕈᓐᓇᐅᑎᖃᓚᐅᖏᑉᐳᒍᑦ—ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅ ᓄᓇᑦᑎᓐᓂᒡᓗ ᐃᒪᑦᑎᓐᓂᒡᓗ ᐊᒥᓱᓄᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᓄᑦ ᐱᕕᒋᓯᒪᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᖓᓂᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᒐᓴᖕᓂ. ᐊᐅᓚᑕᐅᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᒍᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᓄᑦ.”
ᐊᐱᖅᓱᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᓂ Up Here−ᑯᑦ, ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᕗᖅ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᕕᖕᒧᑦ ᐱᓱᒃᓱᑎᒃ ᐱᖃᓐᓇᕆᔭᖏᓪᓗ—ᖁᕕᐊᓱᒃᓱᑎᒃ, ᐃᒡᓚᒪᔭᒃᖢᑎᒡᓗ, ᐊᖑᑎᓂᒡᓗ ᖁᕕᐊᓱᖑᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ, ᐅᖃᓪᓚᒃᖢᑎᒡᓗ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ. ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᕕᖕᒧᑦ ᑎᑭᓕᕋᒥᒃ, ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖃᕐᓂᐊᕐᒪᑦ, “ᐅᖃᓪᓚᒍᓐᓇᐃᕆᑦᓯ!” ᓂᓪᓕᐊᖏᓕᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ—ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑑᖅᑕᐃᓕᓪᓗᑎᒃ, ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑎᑑᖅᑕᐃᓕᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᕐᒪᑕ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᓱᕈᓯᑦ ᐃᒃᐱᒋᕙᓚᐅᖅᑕᖓᓂᒃ: ᐃᓕᕋ—“ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᖁᕕᐊᓇᖏᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐃᒃᐱᒋᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑲᑉᐱᐊᓱᒃᓗᑎᒡᓗ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔭᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᐅᖃᖅᑕᐃᓕᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓂᓪᓕᖅᐃᓕᒪᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ,”—ᐅᓂᒃᑳᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᕼᐃᐅ ᐳᕆᑎ. ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᓕᐊᕆᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔭᒥᓂ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᑐᒥ The Other Side of Eden. “ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᐅᖃᕌᖓᑕ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᖅᑯᓯᕆᖏᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᑐᓂᒡᓗ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᐱᒍᒪᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᐅᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᖏᕐᓗᑎᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ. ᐃᓕᕋᓱᓗᐊᒧᑦ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᓂᒃ ᐋᒃᑳᕆᐊᒃᓴᖅ.”
ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕌᓂᒍᑎᖄᓕᒃᑳᖓᑕ ᒍᕇᑦ 6-ᒥᒃ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓱᕈᓯᑦ ᑰᒡᔪᐊᒥᐅᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᖅᑎᑕᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᑰᒡᔪᐊᕌᓗᒃ, ᒫᓂᑑᐸᒧᑦ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᓚᐅᖏᓚᖅ ᑕᐃᑯᖓ—ᐊᑖᑕᖓ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᖑᒻᒪᑦ. ᓈᓐᓯ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐹᑉ ᓱᕈᓯᖏᑦ, ᐃᓅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᒥᖕᓃᑦᑐᑐᐊᖑᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ, ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᑕᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᒥᖕᓂ. ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᕗᑦ ᐃᓐᓇᐃᑦ ᓱᕈᓯᖏᑦ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᕿᐊᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᕿᑦᓯᕙᓚᐅᕐᒪᑕ ᑐᒃᓯᐊᕐᕕᖕᒥ ᑐᒃᓯᐊᕌᓂᒃᑳᖓᑕ ᓱᕈᓯᖏᑦ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᖁᕕᐊᓱᖏᑦᑐᑦ. “ᑭᖑᓂᖃᓈᖅᓯᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ ᓱᕈᓯᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᐊᒃᓱᐊᓗᒃ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᓱᕈᓯᕆᔭᐅᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᒍᑦ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᖅᓯᒪᔪᖁᑎᖃᖅᑐᓄᑦ,” ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ Up Here ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᓂ ᐊᐱᖅᓱᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ. “ᐅᑭᐅᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᑯᓂᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᓚᖑᓇᖅᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᐃᓄᑑᖑᕈᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ.”
ᓱᕈᓯᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᐊᑐᐊᖅ ᐱᔭᐅᔪᑑᕙᓚᐅᖏᓚᑦ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᒥᖕᓂᑦ. 1950-ᓂ, ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᕆᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᖏᓐᓂᑦ. ᒪᕐᕈᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᑦ ᐃᓄᖏᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ 1953-ᒥ ᐊᒻᒪ 1955-ᒥ, ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᐃᓄᒡᔪᐊᒥᐅᓂᒃ ᓄᒃᑎᕆᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑯᐸᐅᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂᑦ ᒥᑦᑎᒪᑕᓕᖕᒧᑦ ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓗᖕᒥ ᐊᒻᒪ ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓄᑦ ᖁᑦᓯᒃᑐᒥᐅᓄᑦ: ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒧᓪᓗ ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒧᓪᓗ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᒪᕐᕈᓕᕿᒥᐅᓄᑦ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᓄᒃᑎᕆᓂᖏᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᓇᒡᓕᒍᓱᒃᓱᑎᒃ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓄᒡᔪᐊᒥᐅᑦ, ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖏᑦᑎᒍᑦ, ᐃᓄᒋᓗᐊᓚᐅᕐᒪᑕ ᐃᓄᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓂᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑕᐅᒍᑎᖃᐃᓐᓇᖅᖢᑎᒃ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᓚᒌᑦ ᐊᔭᐅᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᕐᒪᑕ ᓄᒃᑎᖁᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᖁᑦᓯᒃᑐᒥ, “ᐃᓅᓗᑎᒃ ᓴᐃᒻᒪᑎᒋᔭᐅᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓲᕐᓗ” ᐅᓇᑕᕐᔪᐊᕐᓇᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐃᓄᖃᕈᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᒥ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᓄᑦ. ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᓄᒃᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ. ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᕕᒃᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᓯᒥᖕᓂᑦ, ᐃᓚᒥᖕᓂᑦ ᐊᕕᒃᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᖅᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕈᑎᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑖᖅᑐᒥᐅᑕᐅᖏᒧᑦ ᓱᖏᐅᑎᒐᓱᐊᖅᐸᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᑖᖅᑐᒦᑎᑕᐅᓗᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᒃᑯᑦ ᕿᓚᒥᐅᓗᐊᖅᑐᕐᓗ ᐊᐅᔭᐅᕙᒃᖢᓂ ᑕᒃᐹᓂ. ᐃᓄᒡᔪᐊᒥᐅᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᔾᔨᒋᖏᑦᖢᓂᐅᒃ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥ ᖃᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥᓗ ᓱᖏᐅᑎᓯᒪᖏᑦᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᔾᔨᐅᖏᑦᑑᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᓄᓇ. ᐃᓚᖏᓪᓗ ᐳᕙᒡᓗᒍᑎᖃᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ. ᐊᓯᖏᓪᓗ ᐱᕐᓕᑲᓴᒃᖢᑎᒃ.
ᐊᕐᕌᒍᒥ 1960-ᐅᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᐊᒥᓱᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᒥᐅᑕᐅᓕᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᓄᒃᑎᕆᓂᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓄᑦ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᖅᑲᕈᑕᐅᓚᐅᖏᑉᐳᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᑕᐃᒍᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ “ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᖢᐃᓪᓕᐅᕈᑎᒋᔭᐅᓂᖏᑦ”. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᕿᒻᒥᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᐊᖅᐸᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔭᒍᑎᖃᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ ᕿᒧᒃᓯᒃᑯᑦ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ. ᕿᒻᒥᑦ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅ ᓄᓇᒥᖕᓄᑦ ᐅᑎᕈᓐᓇᕐᒪᑕ ᐱᖅᓯᕋᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ. ᕿᒻᒥᑦ ᓇᓂᓯᕙᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐃᒡᓗᓂᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᒃᑯᑦ ᓴᐅᔭᐅᓯᒪᔫᒐᓗᐊᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᒧᓯᕙᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒃᑎᓂᒃ ᓯᑯᑦ ᓱᕋᒃᑳᖓᑕ. “ᕿᒻᒥᑦ ᓴᐃᓕᓂᖃᖅᑎᑎᔨᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ, ᓂᕿᑖᕈᑎᒋᕙᒃᖢᒋᓪᓗ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᒋᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᖃᐅᔨᒃᑲᐃᕙᒃᖢᑎᒡᓗ ᐅᓗᕆᐊᓇᖅᑐᖃᓕᕌᖓᑦ,” ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒃᑎ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂ ᓱᓕᔪᓂ ᑕᒡᕙᓂ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᑐᒥ Echo of the Last Howl. “ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᕿᒻᒥᑦ ᐃᓅᓯᖃᖅᑎᑎᔨᐅᕗᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ ᐸᐃᕆᔨᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ.”
ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓂ 1950-ᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ ’60-ᓂ, ᕚᑦ−ᑯᓗᑎᐃ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᓕᐊᖏᑦᑎᒍᑦ The Right to Be Cold, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐸᓖᓯᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔭᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᕿᓂᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᕿᒻᒥᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᐸᓖᓯᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᖃᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᕿᒻᒥᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖃᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᖅᓯᓇᖅᓯᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖃᕋᒥᒃ distemper−ᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑎᑐᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᖅᓯᓇᖅᓯᕙᒃᖢᑎᒃ. ᕿᒻᒥᑦ ᑎᒍᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᖅᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖅᑐᓕᕆᔭᐅᓂᐊᕐᓗᑎᒃ. ᑕᑯᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᒃᑲᓐᓂᕋᑎᒡᓗ ᐅᑎᖅᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖏᑦᖢᑎᒃ. ᐃᓛᓐᓂᒃᑯᓪᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᐊᖅᑎᑦ ᖃᐃᖁᔭᐅᕙᒃᖢᑎᒃ, ᕿᒻᒥᖏᓪᓗ ᖁᑭᒃᓴᐅᕙᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᐸᓖᓯᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ. “ᐃᓛᓐᓂᒃᑯᑦ,” ᑎᑎᕋᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᕚᑦ−ᑯᓗᑎᐃ, “ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒧᐊᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᑯᐊᓪᓚᒃᑎᑕᐅᕙᒃᖢᑎᒃ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᐃᓕᐅᖅᐸᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᕿᒻᒥᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᑯᓐᓇᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᖁᐊᖅᓵᖅᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ.” ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᕿᒻᒥᖏᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑐᖁᕋᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᑲᑕᒍᓐᓇᐃᓪᓕᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᓅᓯᖃᓚᐅᕋᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔭᒃᐸᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᕿᒧᒃᓯᒃᑯᑦ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓕᖁᓯᖓᑦ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓕᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᓱᑲᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑦᑕᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐱᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᖏᑦ ᓄᖑᑎᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᓱᕈᓯᓪᓗ, ᕿᒻᒥᖏᓪᓗ, ᐃᓅᓯᖏᓪᓗ, ᐱᑕᖃᖏᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᒥᐊᓗᖕᒧᑦ ᓵᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ.
ᐊᓐᓇᐅᒪᓇᓱᐊᖅᖢᑎᒃ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓕᒋᐊᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐃᓅᓇᓱᐊᕆᐊᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᕐᕉᓕᖓᔪᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᖅᑯᓯᖏᑦᑎᒍᓪᓗ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᓪᓗ ᐱᖅᑯᓯᖏᑦᑎᒍᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᖢᑎᒃ— ᓯᑯᒥᐅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓄᑖᒥᒃ ᐃᓅᓯᖃᕆᐊᖃᓕᑲᐅᑎᒋᓪᓗᑎᒃ—ᐊᑕᐅᑦᓯᒃᑯᑦ. ᓴᐃᒪᓐ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᒪᕐᕉᓕᖓᔪᓂᒃ ᐃᓕᖁᓯᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᔪᖏᑦᓯᐊᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᖅᑯᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᓪᓗ ᐱᖅᑯᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ. “ᒪᕐᕉᓕᖓᔪᒥᒃ ᐃᓅᓯᖃᓪᓚᕆᒃᓯᒪᕗᖅ,” ᐅᐃᖓ, ᕕᑦ ᕗᕇᓱ, ᐅᖃᐅᑎᓚᐅᖅᐹᖓ. ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᐃᒃᓯᕚᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓵᒥ ᒥᐅᕆ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᖏᑦ, ᐹᑉ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓈᓐᓯ. “ᐅᖃᓪᓚᖃᑎᒌᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᓇᓪᓕᑭᑖᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐅᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑭᓇᐅᓂᖓ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᒃᑐᖅ ᒪᓕᒃᖢᒍ,” ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ. “ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᐹᑉ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓈᓐᓯ. ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ ᓈᓐᓯ ᐊᓈᓇᖓᓗ. ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑎᑐᑦ ᒥᐅᕆ ᐊᑖᑕᓂᓗ. ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑎᑐᑦ ᐅᕙᓐᓄᑦ. ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑎᑐᑦ ᐅᕙᖓᓗ ᐊᓈᓇᖓᓗ ᐊᑖᑕᖓᓗ. ᐊᒻᒪ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᑐᑭᓯᐅᒪᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᑦᓯᐊᖅᖢᑕ. ᑐᑭᓯᐊᖏᓐᓇᒪ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ, ᐅᖃᓪᓚᒍᓐᓇᖏᑦᖢᖓᓗ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐃᓚᐃᓐᓈᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖏᑦᓯᐊᖅᐳᖓ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᖃᑎᒌᒃᑎᓪᓗᑕ.”
ᐃᓛᓐᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᓲᕐᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓂᖅᑎᖅᑕᐅᖃᑦᑕᕐᒪᑕ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᐱᓯᒪᓇᓱᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑎᒍᒥᐊᖏᓐᓇᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ. ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᑐᓴᖅᑎᑕᐅᒍᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᖑᕐᓂᐊᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ, ᐅᐃᕖᑦ ᐅᖃᐱᓗᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐅᐃᕖᑎᑐᑦ ᐅᖃᕈᓐᓇᖏᓐᓂᖓᓄᑦ. ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᑰᒡᔪᐊᒥ ᐅᐃᕖᑎᑐᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖏᒻᒪᑕ. ᑕᐃᒪ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᕋᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓂᒃ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑎᑐᑦ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᓪᓗ, ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐸᐅᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᑕᐅᖏᓐᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖓ ᑕᒫᓂ ᓄᓇᒥ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᓄᑦ ᐅᐃᕖᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᖏᕈᑕᐅᓚᐅᖏᒻᒪᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ. ᐊᒥᓱᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐅᖃᐱᓘᑎᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᑎᒃᑯᐊᖅᑕᐅᖕᒪᑦ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᖑᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑲᒥᓯᓇᒧᑦ ᐅᖃᕈᓐᓇᖏᓐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐅᐃᕖᑎᑐᑦ, ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕆᐊᖅᑎᑎᓕᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᑕᒪᑐᒥᖓ. ᐃᖅᑲᖅᑐᐃᕕᒃᑰᖅᑎᑎᒍᑎᖃᖁᔨᓯᒪᓕᖅᐳᕐᓗ ᑕᒪᑐᒪ ᒥᒃᓵᓄᑦ.
ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈ ᐊᑐᐊᒐᓕᐅᕈᓐᓇᖏᓐᓂᖓᓄᑦ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔪᓐᓃᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᐃᔪᓐᓇᖅᐳᖅ ᑲᑎᒪᖃᑎᒌᒃᑎᑎᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᓂ ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᓐᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒡᓗ—ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪᓂᑐᖃᖅ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐋᓐᓂᕈᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᓱᓕ ᓴᖅᑭᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ. ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᓅᓯᖃᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᖃᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᐋᓐᓂᕐᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐃᓅᓯᓕᒫᒥᓂ. “ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔪᓐᓃᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᓂᖅ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᕐᒪᑦ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᖃᑎᒌᑦᓯᐊᕐᓗᓂ,” ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐅᕙᓐᓄᑦ, ᐊᐱᖅᓱᖅᓱᒍ, ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᓚᐅᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᖑᖅᑎᑕᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᖏᕈᑎᖃᖅᖢᓂ. “ᐅᖃᓪᓚᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᓗᓂ. ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᕐᓗᑕ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᕐᓗᑕ ᐊᑐᓂ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᓗᑕ. ᐊᒻᒪ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᕐᓗᑕ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖅᓯᒪᓕᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᐊᒥᓱᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑕᐃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᖏᒻᒪᑕ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓂᖓ.”
ᒥᐅᕆ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐃᒃᓯᕚᖅᐳᖅ ᖃᒥᖔᖅᑐᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᕕᖕᒥ ᒪᓐᑐᕆᔮᒥ ᐃᓕᕋᓱᒃᐸᓪᓕᐊᓪᓗᓂᓗ. ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᑎᑎᕋᕐᕕᖏᑦ James Bay Energy Corporation−ᑯᑦ, ᐃᓚᖏᑦᑕ Hydro-Québec ᐊᖏᓛᑦᓯᐊᒥᒃ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᓕᒫᒥ ᖃᐅᒻᒪᖁᑎᓕᐅᕈᒪᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᑰᒃᑯᑦ ᓯᒥᒃᓯᓗᑎᒃ—ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᐃᓪᓗ ᑯᕇ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂ ᑯᐸᐅᑉ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ The James Bay Project−ᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᔪᖅ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᑕᐃᒎᓯᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᑐᓴᖅᑎᑕᐅᒍᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᑯᐸᒃᒥ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᒧᑦ ᕌᐳ ᐳᕋᓴᒧᑦ 1971-ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ. ᑰᖕᓂᒃ ᖃᑦᓯᑲᓪᓚᖕᓂᒃ ᓴᖑᑎᑎᒐᔭᕐᓗᓂ ᓯᒥᒃᓯᒐᔭᕐᓗᓂᓗ ᓴᓇᒍᒪᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ 8−ᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᒻᒪᖁᑎᓕᐅᕈᑎᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂ ᑯᐸᐅᑉ. ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᓗᓂ ᐳᕋᓴᒥᒃ, ᓴᓇᔭᐅᒃᐸᑦ ᑕᑭᓂᖅᓴᐅᒐᔭᖅᖢᓂ Niagara Falls−ᒥᑦ. ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑕᐅᒍᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓂᕈᐊᖅᑕᐅᓇᓱᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕆᓯᒪᔭᒥᓂᒃ, ᑖᓐᓇ James Bay Project ᐊᒥᓱᒻᒪᕆᐊᓗᖕᓂᒃ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᑎᒐᔭᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ ᖃᐅᒻᒪᖁᑎᖃᕈᓐᓇᕋᔭᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑯᐸᒃᒥᐅᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᖃᐅᒻᒪᖁᑎᖃᖅᑎᑎᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒥᐅᓂᒃ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᓕᐅᖅᐸᑕ ᓲᕐᓗ ᔨᒥᑲᑎᑐᑦ ᐊᖏᑎᒋᔪᖅ (Jamaica) ᐃᒫᓃᓕᕋᔭᕐᓗᓂ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᐃᓪᓗ ᑯᕇ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᑖᕙᓂ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᕕᐅᒍᒪᔪᒥ ᐅᖃᐅᑎᔭᐅᓇᑎᒃ ᓴᓇᒋᐊᓕᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᑕᒪᑐᒥᖓ. 1973-ᒥ, ᐃᖅᑲᖅᑐᐃᔨᕐᔪᐊᒃᑯᓐᓂ ᐃᖅᑲᖅᑐᐃᔨ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᖅᑎᑎᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ ᐊᓪᓚᓂᒡᓗ ᓄᖅᑲᖅᑎᑎᒍᓐᓇᖁᔨᓪᓗᓂ ᓴᓇᒍᒪᔪᓂᒃ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ James Bay Energy Corporation−ᑯᑦ ᐊᔪᐃᓐᓈᕈᑎᒥᒃ ᐱᒋᐊᕈᑎᖃᓕᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ. ᑕᐃᒪ ᐃᒃᓯᕚᖃᑎᒌᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᒧᑦ ᐋᔩᖃᑎᒌᒃᑎᑎᔨᓂᒃ, ᓴᓇᐃᓐᓇᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᑕᒪᑐᒥᖓ ᓯᒥᒃᓯᒍᑕᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᖃᐅᒻᒪᖁᑎᓕᐅᕈᑎᒃᓴᒥᒃ James Bay Project−ᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᔪᒥᒃ. “ᐋᖅᑭᐅᒪᑦᓯᐊᓚᐅᖏᑉᐳᒍᑦ, ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᑦᓯᐊᖏᑦᖢᑕᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᐃᓪᓗ ᑯᕇ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᓐᓂᒃ ᓄᖅᑲᖅᑎᑎᓇᓱᐊᖅᖢᑕ ᓴᓐᖏᔪᒻᒪᕆᖕᓂᒡᓗ ᐱᒍᒪᖃᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᔪᒥᒃ,” ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ.
ᐊᕐᕌᒍᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᓯᕗᓂᐊᓂ, 1969-ᒥ, ᑕᒡᕙᓂᑦᓴᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᒥ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᐅᕆ ᑐᕈᑐ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑎᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑦ ᐸᐃᑉᐹᓂᒃ ᖃᖁᖅᑑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐲᖅᑕᖁᓪᓗᒍ ᐃᖅᑭᓕᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᔪᐊᖓᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᓄᑦ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓕᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᐅᓗᑎᒃ, ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᓯᐱᓰᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ. ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑎᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᓂ ᓈᓚᐅᑎᒃᑰᖅᑐᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᑕᓚᕕᓴᒃᑰᖅᑐᒃᓴᓂᒡᓗ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑑᖅᑐᓂᒃ, ᑎᑎᕋᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᑐᓴᒐᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᑖᒃᑯᓇᓂ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᒃᓴᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂ Inuit Today −ᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᔪᓂ, ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᑰᒃ ᓯᒥᒃᑕᐅᓇᓱᐊᓚᐅᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᑐᓂᒃ James Bay Project. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑕᐅᕙᓪᓕᐊᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒥᐅᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᖏᑦ ᑕᐃᒫᑦᓴᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐱᒋᐊᕈᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᒋᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᓪᓚᐅᖃᑎᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᐃᑲᔪᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᓂᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂᑦ ᑲᑎᖅᓱᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒧᑦ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔫᓪᓗᑎᒃ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑲᑎᑉᐸᖕᒪᑕ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᓄᑦ ᓇᑭᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᓄᓇᖃᕋᓗᐊᕈᑎᒃ. ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᕙᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕐᓂᐊᕐᒪᖔᕐᒥᒃ ᓴᐳᒻᒥᔭᐅᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐅᑎᖅᑎᑦᓯᒍᒪᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᕆᔭᒥᖕᓂᒃ, ᐃᓕᖁᓯᑐᖃᒥᖕᓂᒃ, ᓄᓇᒥᖕᓂᒡᓗ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓂᕿᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓂᕆᖃᑎᒌᒃᐸᒃᖢᑎᒡᓗ. ᖁᐊᓂᒃ, ᐱᓗᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᓂᒃᑯᓂᒃ ᐱᑦᓯᓂᒡᓗ, ᑐᒃᑐᓂᒃ, ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓂᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᓇᑦᓯᕐᓂᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᐅᓂᒃ ᕿᑎᐊᓂ ᓇᑎᐅᑉ ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᑎᑦᓯᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᒡᒍᐃᕙᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᐱᒍᒪᔭᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᐊᒡᓗᐃᒍᔾᔨᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ ᐊᓯᒥᖕᓄᑦ, ᐅᓗᒥᒃ ᐊᑐᖅᖢᑎᒃ.
ᑲᑎᒪᓕᕐᒥᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᓕᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓪᓗᑎᒃ, ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᓂᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ. “ᒥᐅᕆ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᐊᖅᑯᓯᐅᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᐅᖏᑦᑑᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔫᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ.,” ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᓈᓐᓯ ᖃᕆᑕᖅ-ᓕᓐᑎᐅ, ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕐᔪᐊᖑᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᑐᕚᒥ ᓄᓇᕗᒥᐅᓄᑦ. “ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪᓂ ᐃᓅᓪᓗᓂ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᖃᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ, ᐅᔾᔨᕆᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᒪᒃᑯᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᑕᑯᓐᓇᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓂᖓ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ.”
ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᐋᔩᖃᑎᒌᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᑰᒃᑯᑦ ᖃᐅᒻᒪᖁᑎᓕᐅᕋᓱᐊᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ James Bay Northern Quebec Agreement ᐊᖏᕈᑎᓕᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᑎᓕᐅᖃᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ 1975-ᒥ. ᐅᓂᒃᑳᕆᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂᒋᓪᓗ ᐋᔩᖃᑎᒌᒍᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ “ᓯᕗᓪᓕᕐᒥ ᐊᑐᖅᓯᒪᖃᕆᓪᓗᓂᒋᑦ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᔪᑦ” ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᐊᖏᕈᑎᓂ ᐃᓕᑕᖅᓯᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᓪᓚᐃᑦ ᑯᕇ ᐃᓚᐅᑎᑕᐅᒋᐊᖃᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᓄᓇᒥᖕᓂ ᓴᒃᑯᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖏᑕᒥᖕᓂ ᒐᕙᒪᓄᑦ. ᐊᖏᕈᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᐊᕈᓐᓇᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᒥᑭᒋᐊᕈᓐᓇᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐃᖃᓗᒃᓯᐅᕈᓐᓇᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅ ᒐᕙᒪᖃᕈᓐᓇᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑖᕙᓂ James Bay−ᒥ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓗ ᓴᒃᑯᐃᓯᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᑎᑐᑦ ᐱᖃᕈᓐᓇᖏᓐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᒋᔭᒥᖕᓂᒃ. ᑕᐅᖅᓰᖃᑎᒌᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᑯᐸᒃᒥᐅᑦ ᐊᖏᕈᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐊᑭᓕᐅᑎᖃᕐᓂᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ $225 ᒥᓕᔭᓐᑖᓚᓂᒃ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓂᒃ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑕᐅᒍᑎᒃᓴᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᐃᓪᓗ ᑯᕇᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎᒃᓴᓄᑦ, ᐃᓄᓕᕆᒍᑎᒃᓴᓄᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᓕᕆᒍᑎᒃᓴᓄᑦ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓄᑦ ᐊᕙᑎᓄᑦ. ᐱᖓᓱᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑯᐊᐳᕇᓴᓂᒃ ᓴᖅᑭᑦᓯᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᔨᐅᓂᐊᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᖏᕈᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᒃᑯᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖅᑖᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᑕᐃᒪ, ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂ ᑯᐸᐅᑉ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᑯᐊᐳᕇᓴᖑᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᒪᑭᕕᒃ, ᑐᑭᖃᖅᖢᓂ “ᒪᑭᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ.” ᕚᑦ−ᑯᓗᑎᐃ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᒥᒍᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᐋᔩᖃᑎᒌᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᐆᒃᑑᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᖏᕈᑎ ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪᓂᑐᖃᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ 6 ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒃᑎᑦ ᐱᑕᒐᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᓇᓂᓯᓚᐅᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᐅᒃᐱᒡᔪᐊᑉ ᐊᒥᐊᒃᑯᕕᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓂᕆᒋᐊᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂᒃ. “ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᒪᓕᒐᑎᒍᑦ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᖅᑕᕗᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᑎᒍᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᑖᕆᓇᓱᐊᖅᑕᕗᓪᓗ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᐃᖃᑦᑕᕐᒪᑦ ᐅᒃᐱᒡᔪᐊᑉ ᐊᒥᐊᒃᑯᖏᑦᑎᑐᑦ—ᓂᕆᒍᒪᖏᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᒍᒪᖏᑕᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᒋᐊᖃᖃᑦᑕᕋᑦᑕ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᑭᓯᐊᓂᐅᖕᒪᑦ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓗ, ᑕᐃᒪᑐᖅ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐆᒻᒪᕆᒃᐹᓪᓕᕈᑎᖃᕈᒪᕗᖑᑦ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᐊᑦᓯᐊᕈᓐᓇᖁᓪᓗᑕ ᓂᕆᓯᒪᓗᑕ ᐊᒥᐊᒃᑯᖏᓐᓂᒃ.”
ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᒃᓴᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᓴᐃᒪᓐᐅᑉ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᖏᑦ ᐱᕈᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓕᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ. ᓂᕈᐊᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑎᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂ ᑯᐸᐅᑉ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᒃᑯᖏᓐᓄᑦ 1976-ᒥ, ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐊᑐᓕᖅᑎᑕᐅᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᖏᕈᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑯᐸᐅᑉ ᐃᓄᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑖᓐᓇ James Bay Northern Quebec Agreement ᐊᖓᔪᖄᒧᑦ ᒪᑭᕕᒃᑯᑦ ᑐᖏᓕᕆᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ 1979-ᒥᑦ 1985-ᒧᑦ. ᑖᒃᑯᓇᓂ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓂ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖏᑦ ᑐᓐᖓᕕᖕᒥ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᔪᐊᖓᓂ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᐅᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᔭᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖏᑦ. ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓕᓚᐅᕆᓪᓗᓂ ᐋᔩᖃᑎᒌᒍᑎᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ Meech Lake ᐊᒻᒪ Charlottetown Accords−ᑯᓐᓄᑦ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᑐᓐᖓᕕᖕᒥ ᐃᓚᐅᑎᑕᐅᒋᐊᖃᖁᔭᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑐᓐᐊᕕᒡᔪᐊᒃᑯᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑕᐅᓯᒪᓗᑎᒃ, ᐋᔩᖃᑎᒌᒍᑎᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ Charlottetown Accord , ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐱᖓᔪᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᕐᓇᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂ ᑕᐃᒍᖅᑕᐅᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ “ᐊᓈᓇᒋᔭᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᓄᑦ,” ᐃᓚᖓᒍᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᐅᒪᑎᑎᒍᑕᐅᖕᒪᑕ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅ ᒐᕙᒪᖃᕈᓐᓇᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᓂᕈᐊᕈᑎᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ Charlottetown Accord−ᒥᒃ 1992-ᒥ ᓵᓚᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᑖᓐᓇ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐱᐊᕆ ᑐᕈᑐ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑯᐸᒃᒥ ᓂᕈᐊᖅᑎᑦ ᐊᐅᓕᕐᓂᕐᒥᐅᑕᐃᓪᓗ ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ. ᓄᓇᑦᓯᐊᒥ, ᐊᒥᓱᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᖃᐅᖅᖢᓂ ᓄᓇᑦᓯᐊᖅ, ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖅᓴᐃᑦ ᐊᖏᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓂᕈᐊᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ. ᑕᐃᒪᖓᓂᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᐃᒐᓱᐊᖅᓯᒪᖏᑉᐳᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᑐᓐᖓᕕᕐᔪᐊᖓᓂᒃ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ 1993-ᒥ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓵᓚᒃᓴᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᐊᖏᓛᒥᒃ ᓄᓇᑖᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑲᓇᑕ ᑕᐃᒪᖓᓂᑦ ᐱᖑᖅᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᕐᓗ ᒐᕙᒪᖃᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ: ᓄᓇᕗᑖᖅᖢᑎᒃ.
ᐊᕐᕌᒍᑦ 30 ᑐᖔᓂ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓴᓐᖏᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᐱᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᓂᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᒋᔭᖏᑦ—1/3−ᒥᒃ ᐊᖏᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ—ᐊᐅᓚᑕᐅᓕᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ. ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᓗ ᐊᑕᐅᑦᓯᒃᑯᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᓕᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᒪᑭᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊᖏᓐᓇᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᓂᖓ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᑦᓯᐊᕐᓂᖓ ᒐᕙᒪᓂᒃ ᖃᓄᕐᓗ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖃᖅᐸᖕᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ ᓯᕗᒻᒧᐊᒃᑎᑦᓯᑐᐃᓐᓇᖏᑦᖢᓂ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓂᖓ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᓯᕗᒧᐊᒃᑎᑎᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ.
ᒥᐅᕆ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᑲᑎᒪᔪᓄᐊᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᔭᓗᓇᐃᒥ, ᓄᓇᑦᓯᐊᒥ, ᕿᓂᓕᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᓇᓂ ᐊᑎᖓ ᐃᓕᔭᐅᓯᒪᖕᒪᖔᑦ ᐃᒃᓯᕚᕐᕕᒋᒋᐊᖃᖅᑕᒥᓂᒃ. ᕗᕆᓱ ᑎᑎᕋᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔭᖏᓐᓂ ᑎᑎᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑕ, ᐅᑯᓇᓂ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᓕᐊᕕᓂᖏᓐᓂ, True North Rising, ᐃᓂᒃᓴᓯᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑲᑎᒪᖃᑕᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᓴᓗᒪᑦᓯᐊᖅᑐᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᕕᖕᒥ ᓯᓂᒃᑕᕐᕕᐅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓᓂ: ᓵᖏᑦ ᐊᓪᓕᕋᐅᔭᖏᑦ ᖃᑯᖅᑕᓂᒃ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᖅᑕᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᖅᑎᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐋᔩᖃᑎᒌᒃᑎᑎᔨᓪᓗ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᐅᓗᑎᒃ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᒃᑎᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ—ᑕᐅᑐᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᓗᑎᒃ, ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂᒥᖔᖅᑑᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᑐᓂ, ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᑎᓪᓗ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᐊᕐᕌᒍᖅ 1990-ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ. ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐊᖓᔪᖄᕆᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕐᔪᐊᖏᓐᓄᑦ, ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕐᔪᐊᖑᑦᓱᑎᒃ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᓪᓗᑎᒃ 160,000 ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ, ᐊᑯᑭᑦᑐᒥ, ᐊᓛᔅᑲᒥ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᓱᑰᑦᑲᒥ (ᕋᓴᒥ). 1977-ᒥ, ᑲᑎᒪᔨᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ “ᓴᐳᒻᒥᔪᒃᓴᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓕᖁᓯᑐᖃᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕈᑎᒃᓴᓂᒡᓗ ᓄᓇᒥᐅᑕᓂᒃ,” ᑎᑎᕋᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᓕᐊᕆᓯᒪᔭᒥᓂ Inuit: One Future—One Arctic. 1986-ᖑᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᑎᒃᑯᐊᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᓂᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᓐᓄᑦ.
ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᕐᓂᐊᖅᖢᑎᒃ 1990-ᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᒍᑎᖃᕐᓂᐊᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐋᔩᖃᑎᒌᒍᑎᖃᕐᓂᐊᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᕙᑎᒥᐅᑕᖓᓗ ᓴᐳᒻᒥᔭᐅᔪᒃᓴᐅᓂᐊᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᒃᓴᓂᒃ, ᓄᓇᓕᕐᔪᐊᓄᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᑉ ᐅᐊᖕᓇᖓᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᒃᓴᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᓴᐳᒻᒥᔨᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᓂᒡᓗ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᐊᕙᑎᒥᐅᑕᖏᓐᓂᒡᓗ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᕈᖅᑐᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐆᒪᔪᖏᓐᓂᒡᓗ ᓴᐳᒻᒥᒐᓱᐊᕈᑎᖃᕐᓂᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᓯᓚ ᐆᓇᖅᓯᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᖓᓂ, ᓱᕈᖅᑕᓂᓪᓗ, ᐊᒃᑕᑯᓂᓪᓗ. ᑕᑯᒋᐊᕐᓗᒍ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᑦ, ᓇᓗᓇᖏᓚᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᑦ, ᐊᑯᑭᑦᑐᖅ, ᓱᑯᑦᑲ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᓛᔅᑲ ᐊᕙᓗᑲᓴᐅᖕᒪᑕ ᓄᓇᐃᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᑉ ᑕᕆᐅᖓᓂ—ᐅᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ, ᑕᕆᐅᕐᒥᐅᑕᓕᕆᔨᓄᑦ ᑕᐃᒍᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ, “Arctic Mediterranean.” ᑕᒡᕙᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᑉ ᑕᕆᐅᖓᓂ, ᕿᑭᖅᑕᖃᐅᖅᖢᓂ 94-ᓂᒃ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ 35,000 ᐅᖓᑖᓄᑦ ᒥᑭᓂᖅᓴᓂᒃ ᕿᑭᖅᑕᖃᖅᖢᓂ, ᐃᓄᒃᑕᖃᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᐃᓄᒋᐊᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᓴᑯᑦᓴᒥ. ᐊᒻᒪ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ, ᑲᑎᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂᖔᖅᑐᑦ ᓇᑭᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᑕᒡᕙᓂ ᑲᑎᒪᕕᖕᒥ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᓂᐊᕐᒪᖔᑦ ᓯᕗᓂᒃᓴᖓ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᐅᑎᑕᐅᖏᑦᖢᑎᒃ. .
ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒥᐅᑦ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐋᔩᖃᑎᒌᒃᑎᖓᑦ, ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᔨ ᒐᕙᒪᖏᓐᓄᑦ, R. Rucker Scully, ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓚᐅᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒥᐅᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᓂᖓ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ “ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᑕᐅᖃᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ” ᐃᓚᐅᑎᑎᖁᔨᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑲᑎᒪᔪᓂ. ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐅᖃᐅᑎᓪᓗᓂᐅᒃ ᐃᓚᐅᖃᑕᐅᓂᐊᖏᓐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᔭᓗᓇᐃᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᖃᑕᐅᑎᑕᐅᓂᐊᖏᑦᖢᓂ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᕆᐊᖅᑐᖅᓯᒪᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᑎᐅᓂᐊᖅᖢᓂ. ᒐᕙᒪᓄᑦ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᖅᑎᐅᖏᓐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᑕᓪᓕᒪᓂᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᐅᖃᑕᐅᔪᓂᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂᐊᓂᖔᖅᑐᓂᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᐊᕙᑎᒥᐅᑕᓂᒃ ᓴᐳᒻᒥᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᒃᑎᑦ ᑎᒥᖏᓐᓂᑦ, ᐃᒃᓯᕚᖃᑕᐅᓂᐊᖏᓐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔪᓂ.
ᓴᐃᒪᓐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕐᔪᖏᓐᓄᓪᓗ, ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒋᐊᖃᖏᓚᖅ. ᑲᑎᒪᕕᖓᓐᓂᑦ ᐊᓂᓪᓗᓂ ᓯᓚᑎᖓᓄᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᓕᕆᔨᑦ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᕕᒋᓕᖅᖢᓂᒋᑦ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᕐᕕᒋᓪᓗᓂᒋᑦ: “ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑐᓐᖓᓱᒃᑎᑕᐅᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᑲᑎᒪᕐᔪᐊᕐᓂᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ.” ᑲᓇᑕᒥᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᐅᖃᑕᐅᔪᑦ, ᐊᑭᕋᖅᑐᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔭᐅᒍᒪᓇᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ, ᐅᖃᓪᓚᖃᑎᖃᖅᑕᐃᓕᒪᑎᑎᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᓴᐃᒪᓐᒥᒃ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᓕᕆᔨᓂᒃ ᐊᔾᔨᓕᐅᕆᔨᖏᓐᓂᒡᓗ, ᑎᑎᕋᖅᐹᓪᓕᐊᒍᑎᒋᔭᖏᓐᓂᒡᓗ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᓂᐱᓕᐅᕈᑎᒋᔭᖏᓐᓂᑦ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᑎᒍᑦ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᑐᓴᖅᑎᑕᐅᒍᑕᐅᓯᒪᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᓄᑖᒥ ᐋᔩᖃᑎᒌᒍᑎᖃᓕᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐱᒋᐊᕈᑎᖃᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᓄᓇᓕᕐᔪᐊᓃᖔᖅᑐᑦ ᓴᐃᒻᒪᖅᓴᐃᓇᓱᐊᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓴᐃᒪᓐᒥᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕐᔪᐊᖏᓐᓂᒃ. ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ, ᑕᐃᒪ, ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᐃᒌᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᑕᐅᓂᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᕐᓗᒋᑦ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᐃᓕᐅᕆᐊᕈᒪᓕᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᓂ.
ᑕᐃᒪᓕ 1994−ᒥ, ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎ ᔩᓐ ᑯᕆᑦᓯᐊᓐ ᑎᒃᑯᐊᖅᓯᓪᓗᓂ ᓴᐃᒪᓐᒥᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐸᐅᓗᓂ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᖅᑎᐅᓂᐊᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐱᔨᕆᐊᓄᑦ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒥᓂᒃ ᑖᒃᑯᓂᖓ, ᐃᑲᔪᕆᐊᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᑲᑎᑎᑦᓯᓇᓱᐊᕐᓗᓂ 8−ᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᕐᔪᐊᓂᑦ ᑎᒥᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᓕᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕐᔪᐊᖑᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᐊᑐᕚᒥᓗ, 1996-ᒥ, ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐋᔩᖃᑎᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᒃᓯᕙᐅᑕᖅᑖᖅᑎᑎᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕐᔪᐊᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᒃᓯᕙᐅᑕᖃᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ “ᐃᓚᐅᑎᑕᐅᖏᓐᓇᕐᓂᐊᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᑲᑎᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᓕᕌᖓᑕ.” ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᒃᓯᕙᐅᑕᖅᑖᖅᑎᑦᓱᓂᒋᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓴᓐᖐᓂᖅᓴᐅᒐᓗᐊᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᐅᔪᓂᑦ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᓈᓚᒋᐊᖅᑐᖅᑎᑕᐅᖏᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᓈᓚᒃᑎᑕᐅᑐᐃᓐᓇᓚᐅᕐᒪᑕᓕ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᓄᓇᓕᕐᔪᐊᒥᖔᖅᑐᑦ (ᓴᐃᓃᓯᒃᑯᓐᓂᑦ, ᔪᒪᓂᒃᑯᓐᓂᑦ, ᐅᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂᒥᐅᓂᑦ), ᓄᑖᒥᒃ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓈᓚᒃᑕᐅᓂᖅᓴᐅᔪᓐᓇᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥ ᐊᑐᐊᒐᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᓂᐅᔪᓄᑦ.
ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖏᓐᓇᕐᓂᐊᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ, ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᒃᑯᖏᑦ ᑐᓐᓂᐅᑎᖃᖅᓯᒪᓕᖅᐳᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖁᔭᐅᒍᑎᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᖃᑎᖃᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ ᓂᕈᐊᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᐅᖃᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᑖᒃᑯᓄᖓ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖏᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᑐᖃᖏᓪᓗ ᐃᓚᐅᑎᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖁᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐅᐱᒋᔭᐅᑦᓯᐊᕐᓗᑎᒡᓗ ᖃᓄᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᔭᐅᔪᓂ ᑖᒃᑯᓄᖓ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕐᔪᐊᖑᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᖏᕈᑕᐅᖃᑦᑕᕐᓗᑎᒡᓗ ᖃᓄᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕈᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ, ᓲᕐᓗ ᓴᐳᒻᒥᔭᐅᖁᔭᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐅᓯᖃᑦᑕᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᓇᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐊᑭᖃᖏᑦᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᑕᐅᖅᓰᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᑦ ᐊᖏᖁᑎᒌᒍᑎᓄᓪᓗ. “ᐃᓚᐅᖏᓐᓇᐅᔭᖃᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᒃᓯᕚᖃᑕᐅᑎᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓄᖓ ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᑕᐅᖃᑕᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᒥᓂᔅᑕᓄᑦ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᖃᑎᒌᖃᑕᐅᓗᑎᒡᓗ ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᒃᐸᓪᓕᐊᒍᑎᒃᓴᖃᕐᓗᑎᒃ,” ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐅᖃᓕᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ. “ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐅᖓᑖᓄᐊᕈᓐᓇᖏᑦᖢᑕ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐊᖏᕈᑎᖃᓕᓚᐅᖅᐳᒍᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᐃᓕᐅᖁᔭᐅᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂ.” ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᐱᖓᓲᔪᖅᑐᑦ (6) ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖏᑦ ᑕᒡᕙᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᑉ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕐᔪᐊᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᔪᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᐊᑐᐊᖑᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑐᐊᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᖃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥ ᑎᒥᐅᔪᓄᑦ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᑎᑎᖃᑎᒍᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᕈᑕᐅᔮᖅᐳᖅ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᖏᑦᖢᓂ. ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ, 4%−ᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᖄᖓᓃᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᕐᒪᑕ, ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᒃᓯᕚᖃᑕᐅᕗᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕐᔪᐊᓄᑦ.
ᑕᒡᕙᓂ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᓕᐊᖑᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂ True North Rising−ᒥ, ᕗᕆᓱ ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᕗᖅ ᓂᕆᕕᒡᔪᐊᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂ Washington, DC−ᒥ, ᐃᒃᓯᕙᐅᑕᐅᑉ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᐅᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᓐᓂ ᐃᒃᓯᕙᐅᑕᐅᔪᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ. ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒥᐅᑕᒥᒃ ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᑕᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᓴᓂᓕᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᒥᒃ Scully−ᒧᑦ, ᑕᒪᕐᒥᒃ ᐱᑦᓯᐊᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ ᓂᕆᖃᑎᒌᒃᖢᑎᒃ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐃᓱᒪᓇᖏᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐅᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒥᐅᑕᖅ, “ᐅᖃᐅᑎᖓ ᕕᑦ, ᑕᐃᒪ ᐊᖏᕈᓐᓇᖏᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᒃᓱᕈᖅᑎᑎᔪᒥᒃ ᐃᓄᖕᒥᒃ ᐊᕐᓇᒥᒃ ᐱᑕᖃᕐᒪᑦ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᖢᓂ, ᒥᐅᕆ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ. ᖃᐅᔨᒪᕕᐅᒃ?”
ᕗᕆᓴ ᐃᒡᓗᐊᓂ ᐃᒃᓯᕚᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᕐᓇᖅ ᓂᕆᔭᒥᓂᒃ ᑐᐱᑲᓴᐅᑎᖃᒻᒪᕆᒃᖢᓂ. ᐊᑎᖃᖅᖢᓂ Marianne Stenbaek−ᒥᒃ. ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᖓᓂ McGill University ᐃᓕᓴᐃᔨᐅᓪᓗᓂ, Stenbaek ᒥᐅᕆ ᓴᐃᒪᓗ ᐱᖃᓐᓇᕇᒃᖢᑎᒃ.
“ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᕋ,” ᑭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᕗᕆᓱ, ᐅᖃᓪᓚᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᖢᓂ ᓄᖅᑲᓚᐅᖐᓐᓇᖅᖢᓂ. “ᖃᐅᔨᒪᑦᓯᐊᖅᑕᕋ, ᑕᐃᒪᓘᓐᓃᑦ, ᓱᓕᕗᑎᑦ ᓴᓐᖏᔪᒻᒪᕆᖕᒥᒃ ᐃᓱᒪᖃᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ.”
ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒃᑲ, Secwepemc−ᑯᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ St’át’imc−ᑯᑦ ᐳᕆᑎᔅᑲᓚᑉᐱᐊᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᔪᒥᐅᓕᖅᑐᖅ, ᐃᒃᓯᕋᕐᔪᐊᓄᑦ ᐅᒃᐱᕐᓂᖃᕐᒪᑕ. ᐹᖅᑎᑕᐅᕙᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᓱᕈᓯᕗᑦ, ᓂᕆᕙᒡᓗᑕᓗ ᑕᒧᐊᓱᒍᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᐅᖑᐊᖓᓂᒡᓗ ᐃᒥᖅᐸᒃᖢᑕ ᑯᕋᐃᑦᑑᓯᐅᑉ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓐᖏᖅᐸᒃᖢᑕ ᑐᒃᓯᖃᕐᕕᖕᒥ ᐅᖃᑎᓯᑦᑎᒍᑦ Salish−ᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ. ᐊᒪᕉᔭᕐᓂᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᓗᐊᖅᐸᖏᒃᑲᓗᐊᖅᖢᑕ, ᖃᓄᖓᓴᖅᑎᓂᖔᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑕᓗ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᕗᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒻᒪᑕ, ᓱᓕ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᖅᑎᑎᕙᒃᐳᒍᑦ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᑎᑐᑦ ᐃᓛᓐᓂᒃᑯᓚᐅᓱᖓᖅ. ᐊᕐᕌᒍᒥ 1990-ᒥ, ᐆᒃᑑᑎᒋᓗᒍ, ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᑦ ᓯᕐᓈᖅᑎᑦ ᐃᓄᖁᑎᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᑦᑎᓐᓂᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᓯᐅᑎᑦ ᐅᓯᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᓖᑦ ᓯᕗᓂᐊᓅᖅᐸᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓂᖓ ᐅᓯᔪᓂᒃ ᓇᐹᖅᑐᑐᖃᕐᓂᒃ ᓇᐹᖅᑐᑉᐃᑦ ᐱᕈᕐᕕᖏᓐᓂᖔᖅᑐᓂᒃ. ᑖᒃᑯᐊ St’át’imc ᐃᓄᖏᑦ, ᐊᑖᑕᑦᓯᐊᒪ ᐃᓚᖏᑦ, ᐃᓐᖏᐅᓯᓕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪᓂᑐᖃᖅ. ᐃᒪᓐᓇᐃᓕᐅᖅᖢᑎᒃ: “Hey-ya-ho, hey-ya -hey-yo. ᑲᓇᑕᓕᒫᖅ ᐊᓪᓚᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᒋᔭᐅᕗᖅ!” ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐊᑲᖅᓴᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᐃᓐᖏᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᖃᖑᓵᕆᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᔭᔅᑎᓐ ᑐᕈᑐᒥᒃ ᑎᑭᒻᒪᑦ Kamloops Indian Residential School- ᑳᒻᓘᔅᒥ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᕐᕕᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᓪᓚᓄᑦ ᒪᐃ 2022-ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑎᑭᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ ᑐᕈᑐ ᕿᒃᓵᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᓱᓕᑎᑦᓯᒋᐊᖅᑐᖅᖢᓂ ᑐᖁᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᒥᒃ ᕿᒃᓵᕈᑎᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓱᕈᓯᕐᓂᒃ ᐃᔨᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐅᓄᕕᖅᑕᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᕐᕕᒋᓚᖅᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦᑕ ᐋᐳᓂᒃ ᐱᕈᖅᓴᐃᕕᖓᓐᓂ.
ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᒻᒪᖄ ᑐᕈᑐ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᐃᑕᐅᒋᐊᖃᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑦ. ᐊᒥᓱᑎᒍ ᐃᒃᓯᕋᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᑐᒃᓯᐊᕐᕕᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐅᒃᐱᖅᑑᓪᓗᑕ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐊᓪᓚᑎᑐᑦ, ᑖᒃᑯᐊ Secwepemc −ᑯᑦ ᐃᓄᖏᑦ ᓱᓕ ᐃᓕᖁᓯᑐᖃᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᖃᑦᑕᕐᒪᑕ ᐃᓗᕕᖅᑕᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᖃᓕᕌᖓᑦ ᕿᒃᓵᖅᑐᖃᓕᕌᖓᓪᓗ ᑐᖁᔪᓂᒃ. ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓂ ᑭᖑᓪᓕᕐᓂ, ᐊᖑᓇᓱᐊᓚᐅᖏᑉᐳᒍ, ᐃᖃᓗᒃᓯᐅᕐᓇᑕᓗ, ᓂᕿᑐᖃᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕐᓇᑕᓗ. ᑕᒪᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᔾᔨᖑᐊᖏᑦ ᑐᖁᖓᔪᑦ ᑐᖅᑯᖅᖢᒋᑦ. ᑕᐃᑦᓱᒪᓂ ᑐᖁᖓᔪᑦ ᐊᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐅᖃᖅᐸᓚᐅᖏᑉᒍᒍᑦ. ᐊᕐᕌᒍᖅ ᐊᓂᒍᕐᒪᑦ ᐅᑎᖅᖢᑕ ᐃᓗᕕᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᐱᖁᑎᕕᓂᖏᓪᓗ ᑐᓂᐅᖃᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑭᒃᑯᑐᐃᓐᓇᕐᓄᑦ. ᐊᒻᒪ, ᓂᕆᕕᒡᔪᐊᕋᔪᒃᖢᑕ, ᐱᓐᖑᐊᕈᓯᑐᖃᓂᒡᓗ ᐱᓐᖑᐊᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᑕ ᓄᒡᓗᒃᑕᕈᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᖢᓂ, lahal. ᖃᐃᖁᔭᐅᓯᒪᒐᓗᐊᖅᖢᓂ Kamloops−ᒧᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᓪᓗᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓱᓕᔪᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔪᓐᓃᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐅᓪᓗᖓᓂ, ᑐᕈᑐ ᕼᐊᓕᑏᕆᐊᖅᓯᒪᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᑐᖁᑎᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓱᕈᓯᕗᑦ ᐃᓚᒌᑦ ᕼᐊᓕᑏᕆᐊᖅᓯᒪᑐᐃᓐᓇᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ. ᑕᐃᒪ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦᑕ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᖓᑦ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᖕᓂᐊᓕᕐᒪᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓄᖓ ᑐᖁᖓᔪᑦ ᐃᓚᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᖃᑕᖑᑎᖏᓐᓄᓪᓗ ᑕᐃᑲᓂ Kamloops−ᒥ, ᓄᖅᑲᖁᔭᐅᑲᑕᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᔭᖃᕐᓂᖅ ᑐᖁᖓᔪᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᒃ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᓪᓗᓂ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᒃᑎᑕᐅᓕᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᒥᐅᕆ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ.
ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈᖑᓯᒪᓕᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᑦ ᒪᕐᕉᖏᑦᑐᓂᒡᓘᓐᓃᑦ, ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᔨᐅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂᒥᐅᓄᑦ ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᖅᑐᓛᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᕐᓂᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ. ᑕᐃᒪ ᓄᕙᕐᔪᐊᕐᓇᐅᓚᐅᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᖅᑐᓪᓗ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖅᑐᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᑲᒃᓴᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᐱᑦᓯᐊᕋᓱᐊᕋᓗᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖅᑐᓕᕆᔨᓂᒃ, ᐊᑐᕚᒧᖓᐅᔪᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐅᐊᓕᓂᕐᒥᐅᓂᑦ ᐃᖢᐊᖅᓴᖏᓐᓂᕐᒥᖕᓄᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒃᑲᐃᑎᑎᓇᓱᐊᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᓯᐅᑎᕋᔭᐃᑦ ᐱᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᒋᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᓴᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓂᕈᐊᕐᓇᐅᓚᐅᖅᖢᓂᓗ, ᐃᒃᓯᕋᕐᔪᐊᕌᐱᑦ ᑎᑭᓚᐅᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᒪᒥᐊᒋᐊᖅᑐᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᖅᐸᓚᐅᖅᑐᓄᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᑐᖁᓚᐅᖅᖢᓂ ᑯᐃᓐ. ᐊᒥᓱᓂᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑐᖃᕈᓘᔭᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᓗ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᑲᓴᒃᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᖃᓄᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᒐᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᓂᒃ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᓚᐅᖏᓚᖅ. ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᐃᓐᓇᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ, ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᖢᓂᒋᑦ. “ᐅᓪᓗᒥ, ᑐᓴᖅᑕᐅᕗᒍᑦ ᑭᒃᑯᑐᐃᓐᓇᕐᓄᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᓄᑦ,” ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈ. “ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᕋᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᐅᖃᐅᑎᕙᕗᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥᐅᓪᓗ ᐃᑭᕋᖃᑦᑕ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎᖃᖅᖢᑕᓗ.”
ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈ, ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᓄᖁᑎᒥᑎᑐᑦ, ᐊᔪᓐᓈᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᒃᑎᑕᖏᓐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᐅᖏᓐᓂᖅᓴᐅᑎᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᓪᓗ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓵᓚᒃᓴᖅᓯᒪᒐᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑎᒋᓯᒪᔭᒥᒍᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ, ᓄᓇᕗᒥ, ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᓄᑦ, ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥᓗ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᑲᐅᖏᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᐃᓐᓇᖅᐳᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᓄᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑕᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ. ᐅᓪᓗᒥᐅᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖅ ᐆᓇᖅᓯᕙᓪᓕᐊᕗᖅ ᓯᑕᒪᐃᖅᑕᖅᖢᓂ ᓱᑲᓐᓂᖅᓴᒃᑯᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥᐅᑦ ᐆᒃᑑᑎᒋᓪᓗᒋᑦ. ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥᐅᑕᐃᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᖃᕐᒪᑕ ᓯᓚ ᐆᓇᖅᓯᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᖓ 2 ᑎᒍᕇᔅᒥᒃ ᐆᓇᕐᓂᖃᖅᑎᒋᓕᖅᐸᑦ ᐱᕐᓗᐊᕿᓐᓇᔭᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᓇᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ, ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓂ 100ᖑᓕᒪᓕᖅᑐᓂ ᖄᖏᖅᖢᒍ ᐆᓇᕐᓂᖃᕐᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᖅᐳᖅ ᐅᖓᑖᓄᓪᓗ ᐃᓚᖏᓐᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ. ᐆᓇᖅᓯᒑᖓᑦ ᓯᑯᖃᖏᓐᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᖅᐸᒃᐳᖅ, ᐊᖑᓇᓱᓐᓇᕋᓂᓗ ᐅᓗᕆᐊᓇᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ. ᐊᐳᓪᓗ ᐊᕿᓐᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᖅᖢᓂ, ᐃᒡᓗᓕᐅᒐᒃᓴᐅᖏᑦᖢᓂ. ᒥᑭᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ ᐆᒪᔪᖏᑦ ᐱᑕᖃᖏᓐᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ. ᐆᒪᔪᐃᓪᓗ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᕈᓯᖏᑦ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓪᓗᑎᒃ, ᐊᖅᑯᑎᒋᕙᒃᑕᖏᓪᓗ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᒃᐸᒃᖢᑎᒃ, ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᔪᑐᖃᐃᑦ ᓱᕙᓕᑭᐊᖑᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᑐᕐᓂᖃᖏᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓂᖓ ᓯᓚᒧᑦ ᐆᓇᖅᓯᕙᓪᓕᐊᒍᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑎᓯᒪᖏᑦᖢᑎᒃ, ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᒃᑮᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᐆᒪᒍᑎᑦ ᐊᐅᒃᑎᑕᐅᕙᓪᓕᐊᓕᖅᖢᓂ—ᐅᔾᔨᕈᖃᑕᐅᒋᐊᖃᓕᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᐅᕙᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ.
ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᕐᓂᖅᓴᐅᒐᔭᖅᐸᒃᑲᓗ ᐃᓗᐃᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᐅᑕᐃᑦ ᖃᓄᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ. ᐊᑯᓂᐅᓂᖅᓴᖅ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥᐅᑕᐅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑕ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᑕᒃᐹᓂ ᓄᓇᖃᕈᓐᓇᖏᓐᓂᖅᓴᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ. ᓱᕈᓯᖏᑦ ᐱᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᖅᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᕿᒻᒥᖏᓪᓗ ᑐᖁᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᓄᒃᑎᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᓗ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓄᑦ. ᓄᓇᖏᓪᓗ ᐅᓗᔾᔭᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᐅᖃᐅᑎᔭᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ ᑕᐃᒪᖓᓂᑦ ᐃᓂᒃᓴᖃᖏᓐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᖅᑐᐃᕕᒃᑰᖅᑎᑎᒍᓐᓇᖏᓐᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ, ᐋᔩᖃᑎᒌᖃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖏᓐᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ, ᐃᓂᒃᓴᖃᖏᓐᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒡᓗ ᑲᑎᒪᕐᔪᐊᕐᕕᖕᓂ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕈᔾᔭᐅᖏᓐᓇᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕆᐊᖃᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᒋᔭᒥᖕᓂ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᖃᖓᓕᒫᑦᓯᐊᖅ ᐊᔪᐃᓐᓇᕈᑎᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑐᓴᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓕᖅᐳᑦ. ᐊᒻᒪ ᒥᐅᕆ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᑲᑎᒪᕕᖕᓄᑦ ᐃᓕᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂᒋᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᖃᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑎᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂᒋᑦ. ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᑎᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᑐᖁᖃᑦᑕᖅᐳᑦ. ᐊᖓᔪᖃᐅᑎᓪᓗ ᑲᑕᒃᓯᒪᓕᖅᐳᑦ. ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊᓗ ᑎᑭᖅᑳᖃᑕᐅᓂᑯᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒧᑦ ᕙᐃᑭᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᐱᑕᖃᖏᓕᖅᖢᑎᒃ. ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᕋᓴᒥᐅᑦ, ᐅᐃᕖᒥᐅᑦ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂᒥᐅᓪᓗ ᐱᑕᖃᖏᓕᕆᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓱᓕ ᑕᒡᕙᐅᕗᑦ, ᑲᑎᖅᓱᐃᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓱᓕ ᓂᕿᒃᓴᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᒥᖕᓂ, ᐃᒪᕐᒥᖕᓂᓗ, ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑎᒋᓯᒪᔭᒥᖕᓂᒃ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᓂᒡᓗ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᕈᑎᖃᖅᐸᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᑎᑐᑦ ᓴᐃᒪᓐᑎᑐᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᖃᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ ᓱᓕ ᖃᓄᖅ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᓂᒃ ᓵᓚᒃᓴᕈᓐᓇᕆᐊᒃᓴᖅ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᐃᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᑕᐃᒪ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓂ 50-ᖑᓯᒪᓕᖅᑐᓂ. ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᐃᒃᑲᓐᓂᕐᓂᐊᖅᑐᒃᓴᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᒃᑲᓐᓂᕐᓄᑦ 50-ᓄᑦ. ᑭᓇᓗ ᐅᖃᕐᓂᐊᖅᐸ ᐱᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᖅ—ᐱᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᖅ ᖁᓪᓕᖅ, ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᐅᖏᖔᖅᑐᖅ— ᓯᕗᓂᒃᓴᕇᓐᓇᕐᓂᐊᖅᐸᕗᑦ ᐊᑯᓂ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᖏᓐᓇᕐᓂᐊᖅᐳᖅ ᓯᕗᓂᒃᓴᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ?
ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᔨᐅᖕᒪᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂᒥᐅᓄᑦ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᖃᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᖁᑦᓯᒃᓯᕙᓪᓕᐊᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᖏᑦᑎᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᓵᓚᒃᓴᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂᒥᐅᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ−ᓴᓐᖏᓂᕆᔭᐅᓕᖅᖢᓂ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥᓗ ᕿᓚᒥᑯᓗᒃ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ—ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᖕᒥᓂᒃ ᑕᐃᒪᑎᑦᓯᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ. ᐊᒥᓱᑦ ᑭᒃᑯᑐᐃᓐᓇᐃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᖏᒻᒪᑕ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ −ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᖅᑯᓯᒥᑦᑎᒍᑦ. ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓂᕋ ᒪᓕᒃᖢᒍ, ᐊᒥᓲᓗᐊᖏᒻᒪᑕ, ᐱᑕᖃᕐᓂᖅᐸᑦ, ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᕕᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᓯᒪᖏᑉᐳᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐊᐱᖁᑎᒃᓴᐃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒋᐊᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᖏᒻᒪᑕ. ᑕᐃᒪ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᓴᓐᖏᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐱᒍᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᒍᒪᔪᓪᓗ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᒋᐊᖃᖅᐳᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂᒥᐅᑦ ᓯᓚᑐᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᕋᔭᖅᐳᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᒃᐸᑕ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐃᓄᖏᓪᓗ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ.
“ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅᑕᖃᕐᒪᑦ, ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕋᑎᑐᑦ: ᐊᔪᐃᓐᓇᖅᑕ,” ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐅᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᕿᒃᓵᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᒃᖢᓂ ᒐᕙᓄ ᔭᓄᕈ ᒥᐅᕆ ᓴᐃᒪᓐ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᖅᐸᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᑐᖁᖓᓕᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᔭᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ Kamloops−ᒥ. “ᑐᑭᖃᕐᒪᑦ ᓴᐱᓕᖅᑕᐃᓕᒋᐊᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᑲᔪᓯᒋᐊᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᖅᑐᐊᓘᒐᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᖏᓐᓇᕆᐊᖃᖅᐳᒍᑦ. ᓴᐱᓕᖅᑕᐃᓕᒪᑕ. ᐅᓂᒃᑳᖏᓐᓇᕐᓗᑕ—ᓱᕈᓯᓪᓗ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᕆᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕆᖏᓐᓇᕐᓗᒋᑦ. ᑲᑐᔾᔨᓗᑕ ᐋᓐᓂᕈᑎᒋᓯᒪᔭᕗᑦ ᓵᖓᓗᒍ ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᕋᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ. ᑲᑐᔾᔨᓗᑕ ᑕᒪᑐᒥᖓ ᓯᕗᓂᒃᓴᖃᖅᑎᑦᓯᑦᓯᐊᖏᓐᓇᕐᓂᐊᖅᐳᒍᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ.”
ᔪᓕᐊᓐ ᐳᕇᕝ NoiseCat, ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑎ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᐅᑎᓕᐅᖅᑎᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ, ᑕᐃᑲᓂ Center for Racial Justice ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᖓᓂ Michigan ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ Type Media Center−ᒥ.
ᖁᔭᓐᓇᒦᖅᐸᕗᑦ The Gordon Foundation−ᑯᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᕈᑎᖃᓚᐅᕐᒪᑕ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑑᓕᖅᑎᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ. (With thanks to The Gordon Foundation for supporting the translation of this article into Inuktitut).
